摘要
现代汉语中的"无比"有两种用法:一种是动词,一种是程度副词。动词"无比"从秦汉时期即有文献用例,形成"NP+无比"的构式。中古汉语中,构式"NP+无比"得到扩展,形成"AP+无比"构式,在这一构式中,"无比"前是一个双音节形容词,这促使"无比"词义不断虚化,发展出表形容词性状程度高的语义。由于句法外置的作用,信息焦点的凸显使得"无比"前移,这使它在句法上获得了状语的语法功能,这一演变过程使得程度副词"无比"在明清时期完全形成。在现代汉语中,特别是网络语言中,程度副词"无比"的句法功能有进一步扩大的趋势。
The word Wubi （无比） is used as a verb or a degree adverb in the contemporary Chinese language. As a verb, Wubi （无比） appeared in documents during Qin and Han Dynasties with the construction of ＂NP＋Wubi （无比）＂. Then this form was developed into the construction of ＂AP＋Wubi （无比）＂ in the Medieval Chinese Language. The word used before Wubi （无比） is a double syllable adjective , which makes lexical meanings of Wubi （无比） gradually illusory and become an adjective of high degree. As a result of syntactic extraposition and the emphasis on the information, Wubi （无比） moves to a front position and obtains adverbial functions. This evolution of the degree adverb Wubi （无比） was accomplished during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In addition to it, in the contemporary Chinese, especially in the network language, the function of the degree adverb Wubi （无比） has a tendency to further expand.
出处
《语言教学与研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第6期74-83,共10页
Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目"汉语常用构式的词汇化和语法化研究"(项目号11CYY040)
湖南省哲学社会科学基金项目"汉语常用构式演变研究"(项目号:12YBA300)
湖南省教育厅人文社科青年项目"汉语构式演变研究及认知分析"(项目号:12B130)的资助
关键词
“无比”
程度副词
句法功能
副词化
动因
Wubi（无比）； degree adverbs； syntactic function adverbialization motivations
