摘要
黑河"97"分水方案自2000年实施以来,流入下游水量明显增加,缓解了下游生态环境恶化趋势,但在丰水年难以完成分水指标,其适应性受到各方关注。本文在分析"97"分水方案的技术特点及背景条件变化对分水方案适应性影响的基础上,通过构建黑河水资源配置模拟模型,对分水方案在不同需水条件和黄藏寺水库建成运行后长系列年(1958-2012年)实施情况进行了模拟,分析评价了黑河"97"分水方案的适应性。研究表明,由于分水方案制定和实施前后黑河经济社会、水系连通性等背景条件发生了较大变化,在现状工程和需水条件下,不能完成"97"分水方案的分水要求;在中游退耕至2000年水平和黄藏寺水库建成的情况下,虽然可以完成"97"分水方案的分水要求,但仍存在地下水超采情况,因此,基于20世纪80年代中期黑河经济社会和1955-1986年水文条件的"97"分水方案与黑河流域现状存在一定的不适应性。
The water diversion scheme is important for the sustainable development of the economic, social and ecological environment in different parts of the basin, especially for the rivers in arid areas. In order to curb the trend of ecological degradation in the lower reaches of the Heihe River, the Heihe River water diversion scheme, approved in 1997 by the Chinese government, was carried out in 2000. With the implementation of the water separation scheme,the allocation of domestic water, production and ecological water tends to be reasonable, and the trend of ecological environment deterioration has been relieved. However, there are still queries on the rationality of water diversion schemes because it is difficult to complete water diversion indicators in wet years. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively analyze the implementation of the water diversion scheme and evaluate its adaptability in the Heihe River under the changing background. In this paper, based on the analysis of the impact of water diversion scheme, the technical characteristics and adaptability of water diversion under the changing background were analyzed. By establishing water resource allocation model of the Heihe River, the implementation of water resource allocation under different water demands and the operation of Huangzangsi(Huangzang Temple) Reservoir for long-time series(from1958 to 2012) were simulated, and then the adaptability of water diversion schemes was analyzed. The result shows that the Heihe River water diversion scheme cannot meet the requirements of water diversion under the current condition due to the changes of economic society and river connectivity in the Heihe River basin. Water diversion indicators can be accomplished when the area of farmland in the middle reaches decreases to the level of 2000 and the construction of Huangzangsi Reservoir is finished, but there is still over exploitation of groundwater in the middle reaches. In conclusion, "97" water diversion plan is inadaptable to the current situation to some extent on the basis of the economic, social and hydrologic conditions of the Heihe River in the mid-1980s.
作者
蒋晓辉
夏军
黄强
龙爱华
董国涛
宋进喜
JIANG Xiaohui;XIA Jun;HUANG Qiang;LONG Aihua;DONG Guotao;SONG Jinxi(College of Urban and Environmental Science,Northwest University,Xi'an 710127,China;Key Laboratory of Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity,Shaanxi Province,Xi'an 710127,China;State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China;State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Hydraulic Engineering in Arid Area,Xi'an University of Technology,Xi'an 710048,China;State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China;Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,YRCC,Zhengzhou 425000,China)
出处
《地理学报》
EI
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第1期103-116,共14页
Acta Geographica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(91325201)
十三五国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0404303)~~
关键词
黑河“97”分水方案
影响分析
变化背景条件
长系列模拟
适应性分析
Heihe River "97"water diversion scheme
impact analysis
long-time serial simulation
adaptability analysis
changing background
作者简介
蒋晓辉(1972-),男,湖南永州人,教授级高级工程师,主要从事水文水资源研究。E—mail:xhjiang@nwu.edu.cn.
