摘要
云南剑湖鱼类是许多候鸟的重要食物来源,其群落物种的变化对湿地生态系统结构与功能产生重要影响。为了解当前剑湖鱼类群落物种组成现状及揭示剑湖与相关区域鱼类区系同质化趋势,本研究对剑湖鱼类进行了调查。结果表明:剑湖迄今共记录鱼类物种24种,其中土著物种9种,外来物种15种,而现存物种共计20种,功能性灭绝土著物种4种;首次正式记录的外来物种共计8种,确认濒危种云南裂腹鱼(Schizothorax yunnanensis)仍有分布;外来种中来自长江中下游的物种共计11种,占73.3%;起源于国内的共计13种,占86.7%;在原土著群落中,属科多样性指数(G-F)为0.45,现今则仅为0.26,表明随外来鱼类的入侵,该湖鱼类群落从种级分化强烈的特点转变为种级物种分化单调的特点;剑湖与邻近多个高原湖泊鱼类区系从历史时期较低的相似性到现今明显上升,且与长江中下游主要湖泊鱼类群落物种组成的相似性上升达临界显著水平(P=0.05),其鱼类区系已演变为以江河平原区系成分为主体;鱼类个体生态学矩阵分析表明,外来入侵鱼类生境需求与土著鱼类生境需求类似,两者竞争激烈。
Fishes in Yunnan Jianhu Lake Changes are important food sources for many migratory birds. in fish species composition have significant impacts on structure and function of wetland ecosystems.In this study,we investigated fishes in Jianhu Lake to understand the composition of fish community and the homogenization of fish fauna between Jianhu Lake and its related areas.A total of 24fish species were historically recorded in Jianhu Lake,including nine indigenous spe- adjacent plateau lakes has obviously increased.Moreover,the similarity of species composition between Jianhu Lake and main lakes in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River has reached a significant level (P=O.05).The fish fauna in Jianhu Lake has evolved into one domi-nated by the main component of the river plain.Results from the individual ecology matrix analy- sis showed that the habitat requirements were similar between alien species and indigenous spe- cies,with strong competition.
作者
陈国柱
金锦锦
张方方
仇玉萍
张贇
李志军
李泽辉
CHEN Guo-zhu;JIN Jin-jin;ZHANG Fang-fang;QIU yu-ping;ZHANG Yun;LI Zhi-jun;LI Ze-hui(National Positioning Research Station for Dianchi Wetland Ecosystem,Kunming 650224,China;College of Wetlands/National Plateau Wetland Research Center,Southwest For-estry University,Kunming 650224,China;Jianchuan Provincial Wetland Protection Administra-tion,Jianchuan 671300,Yunnan,China)
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第12期3691-3700,共10页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31400477)
云南省科技计划农业联合面上项目(2017FG001-066)
西南林业大学高原湿地科学云南省创新团队项目(2012HC007)资助.
关键词
剑湖
鱼类区系
入侵种
土著种
濒危物种
Jianhu Lake
fish fauna
invasive species
endemic species
endangered species
作者简介
通讯作者:陈国柱,男,1979年生,博士,讲师,主要从事鱼类入侵生态学研究。E-mail:chenguozhu79@163.com.
