摘要
本文旨在评介当代借词音系学的各种理论模型,以及汉语(方言)和少数民族语言相关现象对于借词音系学乃至理论音系学的贡献与挑战。首先,我们所列举的借词音系现象强有力地支持听觉感知的显著性在音系理论中的重要地位,因不具有区辨性、冗赘的特征也会参与借词改造的音系运算。更重要的是,我们首次在这些语言的借词现象中观察到与听觉感知息息相关的"增强效应"的作用。同时,汉语与非汉语的某些借词现象也对现有的音系理论提出挑战,诸如"调盲"以及"不造新音节"等在其他语言里比较罕见的特殊现象。总之,本文的讨论说明,经由细致的整理与分析,一般刻板印象中"简单、无复杂音系变化"的东亚语言其实深具研究价值,也能对当代音系理论做出实质的贡献及有力的质疑。
The goals of this paper are two-fold.First,this paper introduces competing approaches to loanword phonology.Second,it provides a survey of instances of segmental and suprasegmental adaptation in Sinitic and minority languages in China and subsequently discusses the theoretical consequences thereof.Loanword adaptation shows that non-distinctive,redundant features must be involved in linguistic computation.More remarkably,enhancement effects are attested in the loanword adaptation patterns of the languages under discussion,lending further support to the role of perceptual saliency in phonology.On the odier hand,some unique phenomena,such as 'tone deaf' and 'lexical conservatism' only found in these languages,pose non-trivial challenges to existing theories of loanword adaptation.In sum,it is shown in this paper that East Asian languages,albeit(morpho-)phonologically impoverished,do present a rich empirical ground for examining many important questions in phonological theory.
出处
《当代语言学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第3期358-371,378,共14页
Contemporary Linguistics
关键词
借词
音系学
优选论
功能主义
感知显著性
增强效应
loanword
phonology
Optimality Theory
functionalism
perceptual saliency
enhancement effects
作者简介
谢丰帆,男,博士,台湾新竹清华大学语言学研究所副教授。研究兴趣:音系学、语音学与音系学的界面问题、借词的音系现象。代表作:Low vowel raising in Sinitic languages:Assimilation,reduction,or both?和Phonetic knowledge in tonal adaptation:Mandarin and English loanwords in Lhasa Tibetan。电子邮件:fthsieh@nix.nthu.edu.tw.作者通讯地址:台湾新竹市光复路二段101号清华大学语言所30013
