摘要
本文以汉语、韩语、日语为主要样例,考察了指示词的复杂度、指称意义和句法功能之间的对应关系及其差异。汉语句法位置的句法属性和语用属性的标记性差异直接影响指示形式的选择。而韩语和日语光杆指示词已失去自足性,因此主宾语位置一律采用复杂指示形式,但在定语位置上呈现差异。这种差别主要因指示词的功能分化程度不同所致。指示形式的复杂化手段的差异,导致指称形式的类型差异和功能负荷量的差异。
This paper makes a comparison and contrast, by the data from Chinese, Korean and Japanese languages,between the complexity degree of the demonstratives,their references and the corresponding syntactic functions. In Chinese,the different syntactic and pragmatic features,introduced by different structural positions, are directly related to the alternative patterns of the demonstrative forms,while in Korean and Japanese languages,complex forms may occur in any subject or object position, since the demonstratives in the bare forms are not self-sufficient. However, it is not such a case in the attributive positions. These differences are mainly due to the variations of functional demonstratives,which are realized in terms of their different types and different functional loads.
出处
《汉语学习》
CSSCI
北大核心
2014年第3期3-13,共11页
Chinese Language Learning
关键词
指示词
句法位置
功能分化
量词语言
不对称
demonstratives
structural positions
functional deviation
classifier languages
asymmetry
