摘要
目的了解乌鲁木齐市城区社区居民的就医意向及对社区卫生服务的认知情况,为建立具有地方民族特色的社区卫生服务机构提供科学参考依据。方法采用偶遇方法,抽取乌鲁木齐市天山区、沙依巴克区、新市区、水磨沟区4个区年龄10岁及以上的本市居民作为调查对象。由本校新疆乌鲁木齐市居住学生组成4人调查小组,于2012年2—7月采用自行设计的调查问卷开展调查。调查内容包括居民的一般情况、居民的就医意向、对社区卫生服务的认知情况及对社区卫生服务机构的意见与建议。结果共发放调查问卷800份,回收有效问卷768份,有效回收率为96.0%,其中汉族477份,少数民族291份。有34.8%(265/762)的居民得小病选择去大医院就诊,17.7%(135/762)的居民选择去社区卫生服务机构就诊;91.8%(618/673)的居民认可"小病在社区、大病去医院"的医疗模式,8.2%(55/673)的居民不认可"小病在社区、大病去医院"的医疗模式;69.2%(459/663)的居民对社区卫生服务机构印象一般;40.6%(260/641)的居民只有生病时才去社区卫生服务机构;居民希望社区卫生服务机构提供医保定点报销服务〔60.4%(408/675)〕、体检〔50.7%(342/675)〕、对慢性病患者和老年人进行随访〔33.6%(227/675)〕等;居民认为社区卫生服务机构急需改进的方面有:常规设备不足〔63.8%(422/661)〕、医务人员业务素质较低〔53.3%(352/661)〕、管理落后作风懒散效率低〔45.5%(301/661)〕等。少数民族居民得小病后更愿意选择大医院就诊,与汉族居民比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论社区居民得小病后更愿意去大医院就诊;对社区卫生服务的了解程度低、利用率低。应提高重视程度,加大社区卫生服务财政投入,加强宣传,对社区卫生服务机构设备、人才、服务等进行大力改革,推动多民族地区社区卫生服务发展。
Objective To know patient＇s intention of visiting doctor in urban community of Urumqi and the status quo of community health service（ CHS） so as to provide an scientific evidence for establishing local national characteristics of the community health service agencies. Methods A self-designed questionnaire survey was conducted by a research team of 4 student residents among randomly sampled 800 community residents located in the Tianshan area,Shayibake area,Xinshi area, Shuimogou area in urban areas of Urumqi about their general information,medical intention,knowledge of community health service and opinions and suggestions. Results 800 questionnaires were distributed and 768 were returned and the effective rate was 96. 0%,among which 477 were from Han nationality and 291 from minority. The result showed 34. 8%（ 265 /762） of Urumqi urban residents selected general hospitals and only 17. 7%（ 135 /762） residents selected community health service agencies. 91. 8%（ 618 /673） residents approved the medical model of ＂ slight illness in the community,sever illness in the hospital＂,while 8. 2%（ 55 /673） not. 69. 2%（ 459 /663） residents hold a general impression on community health service centers.Only 40. 6%（ 260 /641） residents went to community health service centers for treatment only when they felt ill; 60. 4%（ 408 / 675） residents wanted community health service centers should to provide medical insurance fixed-point reimbursement service; 50. 7%（ 342 /675） residents wanted health examination service and 33. 6%（ 227 /675） residents wanted follow-up service of patients of chronic diseases and the elderly,and so on. What the residents dissatisfied with included shortage of conventional equipments 63. 8%（ 422 /661）,medical personnel＇s low professional quality 53. 3%（ 352 /661） and poor management and languid style 45. 5%（ 301 /661） etc. Ethnic minorities were more willing to go to large hospitals compared with Han majorities and the difference was significant（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Community residents are more willing to go to large hospitals. Community residents have little knowledge of community health service,the utilization rate of which is very low. To solve it, government should make more financial investment in community health service,strengthen propaganda and reform equipments, staff members and services to promote the development of the community health service in multinational areas.
出处
《中国全科医学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第13期1538-1542,共5页
Chinese General Practice
关键词
社区卫生服务
就医意向
认知
乌鲁木齐
Community health services
Intention of visiting doctor
Cognition
Urumqi
作者简介
张鑫，现为南方医科大学13级公共卫生政策与管理硕士研究生，本科就读于南方医科大学09级卫生事业管理。本人家住新疆乌鲁木齐市，利用假期时间，即2012年2月开始在乌鲁木齐市城区开展现场调查，后期问卷调查工作由韦红梅老师协助完成，于2012年7月完成调查工作。
通信作者：姚卫光，510515广东省广州市，南方医科大学人文与管理学院；E-mail：yaoweiguang2010@hotmail．com
