摘要
研究了旅游干扰下滇西北高原碧塔海和属都湖湖滨湿地植被和土壤变化特征.结果表明:采用TWINSPAN分类方法将22个典型湿地样点划分为原生湿地、轻度退化、中度退化和重度退化4个类型.沿退化梯度,碧塔海和属都湖湿地植物群落的密度、盖度、物种数、Shannon多样性指数增大,植被高度下降,碧塔海湿地植物群落的Whittaker多样性指数增大;碧塔海湿地植物物种数、土壤有机质、全氮、孔隙度、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾含量低于属都湖湿地,群落密度、高度、土壤全钾、pH值变化规律则相反.利用42种植物的重要值和11个土壤理化指标进行典范对应分析,发现土壤有机质、全钾、全氮等养分含量是影响旅游干扰下碧塔海和属都湖湖滨湿地植物物种分布的关键因素.TWINSPAN分类和植被-土壤变化特征分析表明,旅游干扰对碧塔海湿地的影响比属都湖湖滨湿地更大.
The characteristics of vegetation and soil were investigated in Bita Lake and Shudu Lake wetlands in northwest Yunnan Plateau under tourism disturbance. The 22 typical plots in the wet lands were classified into 4 types by TWINSPAN, including primary wetland, light degradation, moderate degradation, and severe degradation. Along the degradation gradient, the plant communi ty density, coverage, species number and Shannon diversity index increased and the plant height decreased in Bita Lake and Shudu Lake wetlands, and Whittaker diversity index increased in Bita Lake wetland. Plant species number, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, porosity, available nitro gen, available phosphorus and available potassium contents were higher in Shudu Lake wetland than in Bita Lake wetland, but the plant density, height, soil total potassium and pH were opposite. Ca nonical correspondence analysis （CCA） by importance values of 42 plants and 11 soil variables showed that soil organic matter, total nitrogen and total potassium were the key factors on plant spe cies distribution in Bita Lake and Shudu Lake wetlands under tourism disturbance. TWINSPAN classification and analysis of vegetationsoil characteristics indicated the effects of tourism disturb ance in Bita Lake wetland were larger than in Shudu Lake wetland.
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第5期1283-1292,共10页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41171074
U0933601
40771013)资助
关键词
旅游干扰
湿地退化
植被特征
土壤特征
碧塔海湿地
tourism disturbance
wetland degradation
vegetation characteristics
soil characteris-tics
Bita Lake wetland.
作者简介
唐明艳，女，1989年生，硕士研究生．主要从事湿地生态、湿地退化过程与机理研究．E-mail：tangmingyan198@163．com
通讯作者 E-mail：wetlands@tongji．edu．Com
