摘要
以阿克苏地区红枣主栽品种骏枣为材料,研究在枣果不同生长发育阶段采取喷施矿物质营养、喷施外源激素和疏花疏果3种保果措施对骏枣落果率的影响。结果表明:骏枣生理落果有两个高峰期,分别出现在幼果期和果实成熟期,果实成熟期落果率明显高于其他枣果生长发育期;幼果期落果是骏枣产量形成的关键时期,有必要采取适当的保果措施防止落果;不同保果措施从不同程度上降低落果率,尿素(w=0.5%)在枣果整个生长期可以减缓落果发生,w=0.3%硼肥、30mg/L的赤霉素和30mg/L的萘乙酸可以有效防止幼果期落果,疏花疏果措施可以大幅减轻落果的发生,但不实用。针对枣落果规律,枣果生长发育前期可以采取促进坐果措施,而中后期应采用有效保果方法。
The main cultivar jun-jujuba trees in Aksu Xinjiang was selected as material to study the difference of fruit drop under the 3 different fruit retention treatments of mineral nutrition spraying,exogenous hormone spraying and blossom and fruit thinning during different Jun-jujuba development stages.The results showed that the physiological fruit drop of Jun-jujuba had two peaks,appeared respectively in young fruit period and fruit expanding process;the fruit drop rate during fruit expanding process was obviously higher than in the other jujuba fruit growth and development period;fruit drop in young fruit period was the key period of yield formation,thus it was necessary to take appropriate measures to prevent the fruit drop;different fruit retention measures reduced fruit drop rate to some extent.w=0.5% urea reduced fruit drop during the whole fruit growing period;w=0.3% boric fertilizer,30 mg/L gibberellins and 30 mg/L naphthylacetic acid all effectively prevented fruit drop in young fruit period;thinning blossom and fruit greatly reduced the occurrence of fruit drop but this treatment was unpractical.According to the law of jujuba fruit drop,promoting fruit-set measures should be taken at the early growth stage and effective retention measures should be adopted in the mid-late growth stage.
出处
《西北农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第6期108-112,共5页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区科技厅条件平台建设项目(PT1009)
新疆维吾尔自治区科技厅支撑计划课题项目(201031103)
新疆维吾尔自治区森林培育重点学科资助
香梨等特色林果产业支撑技术研究与示范
关键词
骏枣
落果率
矿质营养
外源激素
疏花疏果
Jun-jujuba
Fruit drop rate
Mineral nutrition
Exogenous hormone
Blossom and fruit thinning
作者简介
侍瑞，女，硕士研究生，研究方向为植物生态学。E-mail：565035257@qq．com
通信作者：李建贵，男，教授，博士生导师，主要从事植物种群生态学与植物生理生态学研究。Email：lijiangui1971@163．com
