摘要
为了研究枣花形成及调控机制,以鲜食枣品种‘七月鲜’为试材,观察花芽分化发育过程,并对内源激素含量进行检测。结果表明,枣花形成包括花芽分化和花发育两个阶段,单花分化需11 d,分6个时期(未分化期、分化初期、萼片分化期、花瓣分化期、雄蕊分化期和雌蕊分化期),花发育历经7个阶段(花蕾期、蕾裂期、萼片平展期、花瓣平展期、雄蕊平展期、花丝萎蔫期和子房膨大期)。枣吊发育过程中IAA含量显著降低,枣花中IAA则表现为蕾裂期极显著上升,子房膨大期又极显著下降;ABA含量在枣吊长5 cm时极显著升高后缓慢下降,在枣花中的变化与IAA相似,在雄蕊平展期极显著降低;GA3含量始终处于较低水平,枣吊长5 cm时显著增加,而后缓慢降低,在枣花中则是蕾裂期极显著降低后一直稳定在较低水平。以上结果显示,在枣花形成过程中,花芽孕育期需要较低水平的IAA和较高水平的ABA和GA3,需要较低的IAA/GA3及较高的ABA/GA3和ABA/IAA;开花期则需要高水平的IAA、ABA、ABA/GA3和IAA/GA3,对GA3和ABA/IAA的需求相对较低。
In order to reveal the formation and regulation mechanism of jujube(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.)flower,we chose‘Qiyuexian'jujube to study its formation process and endogenous hormones changes. The flower forming process was observed by standard light microscope,scanning electron microscope and stereoscope. The endogenous hormones content was determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC–MS/MS). The results showed that the jujube flower formation contained flower-bud differentiation and floral development. The single bud differentiation taking 11 days was divided into six stages,vegetative stage,initial stage,sepal differentiation,petal differentiation,stamen differentiation and carpel differentiation. Floral development went through seven stages,bud period,bud split,sepal spread,petal spread,stamen spread,filament wilting and ovary inflated. IAA content dropped slowly after a quick decrease in fruit-bearing shoots(FBS),while it fell rapidly again after a sharp rise in flowers. ABA content had a significantly rise firstly and then decreased slowly at 5 cm of FBS,and it was similar to IAA in flowers. GA3 always remained at a low level,with the opposite tendency in FBS and flowers. Based on the results above,it is concluded that lower IAA,IAA/GA3 and higher ABA,GA3,ABA/GA3 and ABA/IAA were needed in flower bud incubation stage. In flower stage,it required high levels of IAA,ABA,ABA/GA3 and IAA/GA3,while relatively lower levels of GA3 and ABA/IAA. Our study reveals the formation and regulation mechanism of jujube flower which will provide guiding information for jujube flower management.
出处
《园艺学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2015年第4期655-664,共10页
Acta Horticulturae Sinica
基金
国家‘十二五’科技支撑计划课题(2013BAD20B03)
陕西省难题招标项目(2013KTZB02-03)
关键词
枣
花芽分化
花发育
内源激素
jujube
flower-bud differentiation
flower development
endogenous hormone
