摘要
目的了解住院患者医院感染的状况及其影响因素,为有效控制医院感染提供科学依据。方法采用横断面调查方法,即床旁走访和查阅病历相结合,按医院感染病例登记表逐项记录,统一汇总。结果实查住院患者551例,发现医院感染27例、30例次,现患率为4.90%、例次感染率为5.44%;以下呼吸道感染居首位,占44.44%;革兰阴性杆菌是主要的医院感染致病菌,抗菌药物的应用率为71.51%,呼吸内科和儿科的治疗用药,心内科和消化内科的介入检查治疗、眼科和外科系统的手术预防用药居高不下,>96.97%,主要存在着用药指征不严、起点高、时间长和联合不当等不合理情况。结论根据现患率的调查,应针对性地开展目标性监测,采取有效的预防控制措施,规范抗菌药物的合理应用,切实降低医院感染的发生率。
OBJECTIVE To understand the status and influencing factors for the nosocomial infections in the hospitalized patients so as to provide scientific basis for effective control of nosocomial infections.METHODS By means of the cross-sectional survey,known as the bedside visit combined with the review of medical records,the cases with nosocomial infections were registered by filling out the registration table.RESULTS Of totally 551cases of hospitalized patients actually investigated,the nosocomial infections occurred in 27cases（30case-times）with the prevalence rate of 4.90% and the case-time infection rate of 5.44%;the lower respiratory tract infections ranked the first place（44.44%）;gram-negative bacilli were the main pathogens causing nosocomial infections,the utilization rate of antibiotics was 71.51%,involving in examination and treatment of respiratory medicine,pediatric treatment medication,department of cardiology and department of gastroenterology,ophthalmic and surgical systems,and surgical prophylaxis,and lack of medication indications,high starting point,long-term of drug treatment and improper combined medication were the majors problems.CONCLUSION According to the survey of the prevalence rate,it is necessary to develop the targeted monitoring,take effective prevention and control measures,reasonably use antibiotics so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第13期3062-3064,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
陕西省卫生厅科研基金课题(2110D61)
关键词
医院感染
现患率
病原学
Nosocomial infections
Prevalence rate
Etiology
