摘要
平底Ⅰ型马蹄形断面由于其形状及其尺寸容易控制,是水利水电工程中较常采用的断面形式之一,但其临界水深是超越方程,无解析解。为此,通过对平底Ⅰ型马蹄形断面临界流方程进行数学变换,对无量纲临界水深和无量纲参数之间的关系进行研究分析,应用拟合原理得到了平底Ⅰ型马蹄形断面临界水深的近似计算公式。该公式克服了传统的试算法或查表法存在的计算繁琐、依赖图表、误差较大等缺陷。在工程的常用范围内(即临界水深与拱顶半径之比:0<h/r≤1.447 1),该公式表达形式最为简洁,最大误差小于0.4%,将为工程设计及水工设计手册的编制提供参考。
I-type horseshoe cross-section with flat-bottom is simplified from standard I-type horseshoe cross-section. It is composed of a fiat-bottom and three arc sections. Since the shape and size are easy to control, it is commonly applied in hydroelectric engineering. But the critical water depth computation formula is a transcendental equation and has no analytic solution. Mathematics transformation for the critical flow equation was performed, and the rela- tionship between the dimensionless critical water depth and the relative dimensionless parameters was analyzed. Furthermore, an approximate formula for the calculation of critical water depth for I-type horseshoe cross-section with flat-bottom tunnel was obtained according to the fitting principle. This method overcomes the defects of other iterative trial calculating methods, Such as calculation step, dependence on special charts and curves, and serious error. The formula is simple and the maximum error is less than 0.4% under the general engineering design condition （0 〈 h/r≤1. 447 1 ,h/r is the ratio of critical depth to the radius of arch roof）. It can be used for engineering design practice and for the compilation of hydraulic structure design handbooks.
出处
《长江科学院院报》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第4期40-43,共4页
Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute
基金
惠州学院引进教授
博士科研启动基金项目(C510.0211)
关键词
平底Ⅰ型马蹄形断面
临界水深
直接算法
I-type horseshoe cross-section with fiat-bottom
critical water depth
direct calculation formula
作者简介
文辉（1963-），男，四川射洪人，教授，主要从事水力学教学和研究，（电话）13928325682（电子信箱）wenhui—hzu@163．com。
