摘要
目的文章利用全国第3～5次人口普查资料,描述了1981～2000年中国婴儿死亡率性别比的变化趋势和地域差异。方法利用并结合全国社会、经济和文化等资料对影响婴儿死亡率性别比地域差异的原因进行多因素分析。结果研究结果显示,我国的婴儿死亡率性别比自80年代初开始出现异常(女婴死亡率高于男婴),其严重程度随时间推移不断加剧。全国婴儿死亡率性别比从1981年的1.05,下降到1989年的0.87和2000年的0.72。死亡率性别比异常的省份从1981年的4个增加到1989年的19个和2000年的26个。1981年各省份婴儿死亡率性别比最低为0.87,1989年最低为0.77,2000年最低至0.40。异常程度严重的地区包括安徽、江西、广西、广东、海南等省份。结论在现行的计划生育政策背景下,造成婴儿死亡率性别比地区差异的主要原因是偏好男婴的传统观念在不同地区的差别,其次与不同地区计划生育政策执行力度不同有关,而与不同地区经济水平的关联度较小。
Objective In this paper, China census data of 1981,1989 and 2000 were used to describe the trend of gender difference of infant mortality and its disparity among regions and provinces. Methods Multiple analyses were conducted to explore the factors associated with the gender differences of infant mortality among regions/provinces with census data and socioeconomic and cultaral data. Results The study result showed that abnormal gender difference of infant mortality （ female infant mortality higher than male infant） appeared since early 1980s in some provinces, and then more and more provinces joined the group and the situ- ation deteriorated with the time. The sex ratio of the infant mortality rate in 1981 was 1.05 nationally, which was still within normal range except 4 provinces. In 1989 ,however,the sex ratio of the infant mortality in 19 prov- inces became abnormal. The ratio decreased to 0.72 and 26 provinces be- came abnormal in 2000, among which the worst was Jiangxi（0. 40 ）. And it is extraordinarily abnormal in some provinces, such as Auhui, Jiangxi, Henan, Guangdong. Conclusion The study result indicated that the son preference, the traditional Chinese culture made a significantly sense on the gender imbalance of infant mortality and that the variation of implementation of family planning policy might be also associated with the regional variation of gender differences of infant mortality, while the economic de- velopment was not an important factor contributing to the regional variation of gender difference of infant mortality under current family planning policy.
出处
《中国卫生统计》
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第2期162-166,共5页
Chinese Journal of Health Statistics
基金
欧盟第六框架基金资助项目(015396)
关键词
婴儿死亡率
婴儿死亡率性别比
性别差异
地域差异
Infant mortality rate
Sex ratio of the infantmortality rate
Gender difference
Regional variation
作者简介
通信作者：吴擢春
