摘要
以8个野生早熟禾(Poa)种质种子为萌发试验材料,设6个恒温和2个变温处理,探讨其萌发的适宜温度范围,为野生早熟禾引种驯化和开发利用提供依据。结果显示,10～35℃恒温范围内,随温度升高,野生早熟禾材料种子的萌发速度、发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、胚芽长、胚根长、苗鲜质量均表现出先增大后降低的趋势。8个温度处理下,野生早熟禾种子在20～30℃恒温萌发速度最快,初始萌发时间4～5d,10℃恒温萌发速度最慢,初始萌发时间11～14d,比最快萌发速度延迟6～10d。以发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数3个萌发指标为主要依据,并参考胚芽和胚根长、苗鲜质量,认为波伐早熟禾(P.poophagorum)、草地早熟禾(甘南)(P.pratensis)和小药早熟禾(P.micrandra)种子最适宜萌发温度为20℃恒温;草地早熟禾(兴隆山)、草地早熟禾(肃南)、草地早熟禾(渭源)、草地早熟禾(天祝)和硬质早熟禾(P.sphondylodes)种子最适宜萌发温度为25℃恒温。对大多材料种子而言,较高的恒温(25℃)有利于胚芽生长,较低的恒温(20℃)或变温有利于胚根生长,5℃/20℃和10℃/25℃两个变温条件下的各项指标低于对应高温20和25℃恒温处理。
In order to provide the foundation for the introduction, domestication and utilization of wild Poa, six constant temperature treatments and two variable temperature treatments were employed to investigate the optimum temperature range on seed germination of eight wild Poa varieties. The results showed that the germination rate, germination potential, germination index, seeding length, root length and fresh weight of these varieties first increased then decreased with increasing temperature at constant temperature range of 10-35 ℃. The maximum germination rate occurred between 20-30℃ for the constant temperature treatment, the initial germination time was 4-5 days, the minimum occurred at 10℃ with the initial germination time between 11-14 days, which was 6-10 days later than the maximum germination rate. The germination rate, germination potential, germination index were taken as the primary parameters for optimal germination temperature selection, with reference of frond and root length, and fresh weight, the optimal germination temperatures of P. poophaqorum, P. pratensis and P. micrandra were 20 ~C at constant temperature treatment, while those of P. pratensis（Xinglongshan）, P. pratensis （Sunnan）, P. pratensis（Weiyuan）, P. pratensis（Tianzhu） and P. sDhodylodes were 25 ℃ at constant tem- perature treatment. For most of the tested seeds, higher constant temperature favored the growth of frond, while lower （20 ℃） constant temperature or variable temperature favored the growth of root. Parameters at 5/20 ℃ and 10/25 ℃ variable temperature treatments were lower than their counterparts at 20 ℃ and 25 ℃ constant treatments.
出处
《草业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第3期383-389,共7页
Pratacultural Science
基金
甘肃省自然科学基金(0803RJZA035)
甘肃省高等学校基本科研业务费专项资金
草业生态系统教育部重点实验室(甘肃农业大学)第二批开放课题(CYZS-2011003)
国家科技基础条件平台工作项目(2004DKA30440)
国家科技支撑计划课题(2011BAD17B05)
作者简介
贺佳圆（1986-），女，河北张家口人，硕士，主要从事草坪科学研究。E—mail：hejiayuan222@163．com
白小明（1970-），男，甘肃灵台人，教授，博士，主要从事草坪科学研究。E-mail：baixm@gsau．edu．cn
