摘要
应用H33258荧光染色法研究普通白菜小孢子再生四倍体植株花粉母细胞减数分裂和雄配子体发育过程。结果表明:四倍体白菜花粉母细胞减数分裂过程及各时期染色体形态等变化与二倍体植株相似;4条同源染色体中期Ⅰ可出现四价体、二价体或配对二价体、少量三价体和单价体;终变期四价体呈棒状、环状、V形、L形、U形、S形、Y形等多种构型;中期Ⅰ多数细胞中出现10个四价体或配对二价体,个别细胞中出现多价体或单价体。四分体排列方式有垂直型和四面体型;花粉母细胞减数分裂的胞质分裂方式为同时型;成熟花粉粒为三核型,包括1个营养核和2个精核,具四萌发沟。从后期Ⅰ到末期Ⅱ,甚至小孢子有丝分裂,整个分裂过程中均观察到落后染色体等非正常染色体。
Chromosomal meiotic behaviors and male gametophytes development of autotetraploid of non-heading Chinese cabbage （Brassica carnpestris ssp. chinensis Makino） derived from microspore culture were studied by using H33258 fluorescence staining technique. The results showed that tetraploid with cell division period and chromosomes morphological change was similar to the diploid; Four homologous chromosomes formed quadrivalent, bivalent （or paired bivalent） and few trivalent and univalent at metaphase I ; There were different styles for the quadrivalent at diakinesis stage, such as rod style, ring style, or in the shape of V, L, U, S and Yet al. There were ten quadrivalents or paired bivalents appeared in majority cells at metaphase , while multivalent and univalent appeared in a few cells. The tetrads were mostly vertical or tetrahedral. The form of the cytokinesis of meiosis was simultaneous type. The mature pollen grains were three karyotype, including a vegetative nucleus and two sperm nuclei, with four germinal furrow. Lagging chromosomes were observed during the whole division period from meiosis anaphase I to telophase Ⅱ, and even at mitosis of microspore.
出处
《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2012年第4期56-60,共5页
Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition
基金
江苏省高校"青蓝工程"基金资助项目[苏教师(2008)30号]
江苏省高校自然科学基金资助项目(JHB 2012-22)
南京市科技局科研项目(201201041)
关键词
白菜
四倍体
花粉母细胞
减数分裂
雄配子体发育
Brassica carnpestris ssp. chinensis Makino
tetraploid pollen mother cell
meiosis
male gametophytedevelopment
作者简介
崔群香（1970-），女，山东莱西人，金陵科技学院副教授，主要从事园艺作物遗传育种研究。E-mail：cqx@jit．edu．cn
