摘要
目的通过对2004—2011年西安市风疹的发病资料进行分析,了解其发病情况及其流行病学特征,为控制风疹和先天性风疹综合征(CRS)提供科学依据。方法导出中国疾病预防控制信息系统中2004—2011年西安市风疹报告病例,应用Excel软件对数据进行描述性统计分析。结果 2004—2011年间累计报告风疹4 704例,年平均发病率为7.40/10万,无死亡病例。风疹流行周期约为4 a,2007和2011年为流行高峰年。发病高峰月为3—7月。地区分布表现为城区发病率较高,郊县阎良区发病率最高(16.65/10万)。男性发病2 705例,女性1954例。男性发病人数明显高于女性。近年风疹发病呈现逐渐向大龄人群推移的趋势。年龄组发病率比较,10～25岁发病率较高,且以10～15岁年龄组最高,职业分布以学生为主,学生、幼托儿童和散居儿童总病例占全市病例总数的90.18%。结论西安市2004—2011年风疹呈周期性流行,建议制定针对性强的综合性预防措施,加强卫生宣传和健康教育工作,加强风疹疫苗的免疫接种工作;尽快制订育龄期人群风疹免疫策略,预防控制风疹暴发。
[ Objective] To analyze the incidence and epidemic features of rubella through analysis on rubella incidence data in Xi＇ an City from2004-2011, and provide scientific evidence for control of rubella and congenital rubella syndrome { CRS）. [ Methods] The data of 2004-2011 reported rubella cases in Xi＇an City were exported from China Disease Prevention and Control Information System and analyzed statistically by Excel software. [ Results ] A total of 4 704 cases of rubella were reported from 2004-2011, with annual average incidence of 7.40/100 000, no death case. The epidemic cycle of rubella was 4 years, year 2007 and 2011 were epidemic peak years. The high incidence appeared during March to July. Geographical distribution showed high incidence in urban area. Yanaliang District had the maximum incidence { 16.65/100 000 } in all rural districts. There were 2 705 male cases which was obviously higher than 1 954 female cases. The rubella incidence showed older age groups were easier to get infection. The age group of 10-25 years had relatively high incidence, with peak in 10-15 years age group. Most cases were students; students, pre- school children and scattered children accounted for 70. 18% of total cases. [ Conclusion] Rubella showed periodically epidemic features in Xi＇ an City from 2004-2011. It is suggested to develop targeted prevention measures, to strengthen health promotion and health education, to enhance rubella vaccine immunization, to formulate rubella immunization strategy for child-bearing age groups as soon as possible so as to prevent the outbreak of rubella.
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2012年第17期2128-2129,2132,共3页
Occupation and Health
关键词
风疹
流行
特征
分析
Rubella
Epidemic
Characteristics
Analysis
作者简介
刘继锋，男，主管医师，主要从事传染病预防控制工作。
