主题型文化旅游区的阶段性演进及其驱动机制——以无锡灵山景区为例被引量：43

Evolutionary Stages and Dynamic Mechanisms of Thematic Cultural Tourist Areas: A Case Study of Lingshan Scenic Area in Wuxi

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摘要综合运用Tramo/Seats季节调整方法和多峰拟合方法,分析了无锡灵山景区1998-2009年游客变化的阶段性及波动特征。结果显示:①灵山景区游客演变具有明显的阶段性,其演进过程经过初步开发期、提升发展期后,现在正处在成熟发展期;②主题型文化旅游区的阶段性演化是其生命周期重要组成部分,在长尺度上表现为趋势的分段而在小尺度上表现为波动结构变化;③文化资源、市场需求、旅游投资和产品升级等因素是主题型文化旅游区阶段性演变的重要动力因素。进而基于旅游地生命周期理论,构建了主题型文化旅游区发展演化的理论模型,将主题型文化旅游区的生命周期分为探索起步期、充实发展期、快速发展期、平稳发展期和后续发展期(衰亡或复兴)5个阶段。旅游区演化受多种要素的影响,各动力因素的相互作用及阶段性转换构成了主题型文化旅游区演化的动力,并导致旅游区阶段性演化和波动性成长。通过不断强化文化特色,增强文化驱动力,培育文化旅游区发展的整体动力,形成多元驱动的旅游区成长机制,可促进主题型文化旅游区的可持续发展。 With the seasonal adjustment of Tramo/Seats and multi-peak fitting methods,this paper analyses the evolutionary stages and fluctuant characteristics of Wuxi Lingshan Scenic Area from 1998 to 2008.Some conclusions can be drawn as follows.1） In terms of the tourist evolutionary stages of Lingshan,it has entered the mature stage after the preliminary and upgrading evolutionary stages.2） The stage evolution has always been a key component of a thematic cultural tourist area in its life cycle,which displays the tendency phase division in the long term and the fluctuant variations in the short term.3） The key dynamic factors that affect the evolutionary stages of thematic cultural tourist areas may include cultural resources,market demand,tourist investment,product improvement,etc.Furthermore,based on the theory of the tourist destination life cycle,we establish a theoretic model of the development and evolution of thematic cultural tourist areas.Therefore,the life cycle of a thematic cultural tourist area can be divided into five stages,i.e.,the exploration and starting stage,the substantial development stage,the fast development stage,the balanced development stage and the follow-up（declining or recessing） development stage.Influenced by more factors than one,the evolution of a thematic cultural tourist area is jointly motivated under the interactions and phase transformations of various dynamic factors,and also led to its stage evolution and fluctuant growth.Finally,a thematic cultural tourist area can maintain sustained development by enhancing its cultural characteristic,strengthening the cultural driving force,cultivating the overall development power and shaping its multi-dynamic growth mechanism.