摘要
目的分析天津市2010年百日咳疫情,以及疫情上升和流行病学特征改变的影响因素。方法利用描述性方法对百日咳疫情进行流行病学分析,应用酶联免疫吸附试验对健康人群抗体水平进行定量检测。结果天津市2010年百日咳报告发病率为1.03/10万,是1993年以来最高的一年。其中0～5月龄婴儿占59.51%,≥15岁占17.36%。百日咳家庭聚集性发病以成人向婴幼儿传播模式为主。90例鼻咽拭子和38例鼻咽抽吸液,聚合酶链反应检测阳性率分别为75.56%和92.11%,69例血标本抗百日咳毒素IgG抗体检测阳性率为57.97%。608份健康人群血标本IgG综合抗体阳性率为52.30%,其中4～12岁人群抗体水平显著低于其他人群(χ2=11.33,P<0.001)。结论监测水平的提高和免疫水平的衰减,是百日咳反弹的重要因素。未及初始免疫年龄或未完成全程免疫的婴幼儿和成人为百日咳高发人群,成年人尤其父母是婴幼儿百日咳病例的重要传染源。
Objective To analyze the case data of pertussis in 2010, in order to study the influence factor about the increased incidence and changing epidemiological characteristic. Methods The data of pertussis from National Notified Diseases Reporting systems were analyzed by using descriptive epidemiology study. The IgG antibody against Pertussis was tested quantitatively with ELASA method. Results The incidence of pertussis was 1.03 case per 100,000 in 2010, which was the highest level from 1993. The age distribution of cases mainly occurred under 6 months old and adults, which takes up 59.51% and 17.36% respectively. Adults, whose clinical symptoms were atypical, were the most important source ofinfection for infants. The sensitivities of PCR ranged from 75.56% to 92.11% and IgG antibody was 57.97%. The positive rate on healthy population antibody against Pertussis was 52.3%. The test result of the antibody level in the age group of 4～12 age groups was lower than the other groups（χ2=11.33,P0.001）. Conclusions The increased level of surveillance and decreased ofimmunity following infant vaccination are the major reasons for the resurgence of pertussis in Tianjin. Pertussis is now a problem in two age groups, among the children under the age of 6 months and adults. Adults are the most important source ofinfection for infants.
出处
《中国疫苗和免疫》
CAS
2011年第3期212-215,共4页
Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization
作者简介
高志刚（1964-），男，天津市人，天津市疾病预防控制中心副主任医师，学士，主要从事免疫规划管理、疫苗针对传染病监测与预防控制工作。
