摘要
2003年6月至2005年10月,用石灰和EM处理改变土壤微酸性特性和微生物活性,采用网袋分解法对大兴安岭地区土壤动物群落结构在落叶分解过程中的动态变化进行了研究。结果如下:(1)土壤动物群落个体数、类群数和DG指数仍表现为季节波动性,气候因子是影响研究区土壤动物群落长期动态变化的重要因素,石灰和EM处理未改变这种规律。(2)处理条件下土壤动物在落叶分解过程中仍具有阶段性特征,且各类群集聚时间有所差异。(3)CCA排序分析表明,土壤pH值和有机质是影响土壤动物群落动态变化的重要因素,中气门亚目、前气门亚目、节跳虫科、甲螨亚目、绫跳虫科、山跳虫科、棘跳虫科、鳞跳虫科和石蜈蚣目对土壤pH值和有机质变化具有较强的适应能力。
The Da Hinggan Mountains are located in the cold-temperate zone,low in temperature and the soil is of the faint acid soil type.This kind of environment limited the development of soil fauna and microorganism.Spraying of effective microorganisms（EM） and lime can increase the activities of microorganisms and lower the acidity of soil,respectively.In this paper,canonical correspondence analysis（CCA） is used to analyze the relationship between soil fauna dynamics and the pH and organic matter dynamics.Distinct difference exists in soil pH value under treatment of lime 1 and lime 2（P=0.001,F=19.94,df=15;P=0.043,F=4.94,df=15） and great difference appeared in soil organic matter under treatment of EM 1 and EM 2（P=0.001,F=19.56,df=15;P=0.048,F=4.71,df=15）.It shows that the experiment meets the original research aim. From June 2003 to Oct.2005,lime and EM treatment were used to change the faint acid soil and microorganism activities.Fluctuation of soil fauna community was studied during the defoliation decomposition process in Da Hinggan Mountains by litterbags.It shows that：（1） In total,there are 73 038 soil animals,belonging to 3 phyla,6 classes and 20 orders.Among them,Mesostigmata,Prostigmata,Isotomidae and Oribatida are dominant groups.Entomobryidae,Pseudachorutidae,Onychiuridae and Sminthuridae are common groups,while the others are rare groups.The group number and DG biodiversity index reduced,but in individual number increased under lime and EM treatment.The individual number is influenced by the climatic character of the research zone and fluctuated with seasons.The group number and DG index fluctuated with seasons,lower in June,but higher in August and October.The discipline was not changed under lime and EM treatment.（2） Soil fauna had staged feature during defoliation decomposition in treated plots.And the succession index of each group was different in each plot.The succession indices of dominant and common groups were longer than others.There are 4 colonization types of soil fauna.Type Ⅰ is made up of Mesostigmata,Onychiuridae,Tomoceridae,Entomobryidae,Lithobiomorpha and Hypogastruridae,and most of them are dominant and common groups.In different stages,most of them had distinct advantages.Type Ⅱ is made up of Prostigmata,Sminthuridae,Staphylinidae,Chironomidae and Oncopoduridae,colonizing in the early stage of defoliation decomposition.Type Ⅲ included Isotomidae,Oribatida,Pseudachorutidae,Carabidae,Staphylinidae larva and Corrodentia,appearing at the last stage of defoliation decomposition.Type Ⅳ is made up of those appearing only at middle stage of defoliation decomposition.They are low in number and basically rare groups.（3） Canonical correspondence analysis showed that soil pH and organic matter were important factors to affect fluctuation of soil fauna community.Mesostigmata,Prostigmata,Isotomidae,Oribatida,Entomobryidae,Pseudachorutidae,Onychiuridae,Tomoceridae and Lithobiomorpha had better adaptation ability to soil pH and organic matter changes.As the decomposer,soil fauna maybe have influence on defoliation decomposition process and further influence the cycling of nutrition and materials under lime and EM treatment.
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2011年第1期164-174,共11页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(40671004)
黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(G200812)
教育部博士点基金资助项目(200802310001)
关键词
落叶分解
土壤动物
动态变化
大兴安岭
defoliation decomposition
soil fauna
fluctuation
da Hinggan Mountains
作者简介
通讯作者Corresponding author．E-mail：hellozxp@163．com．
