摘要
目的了解医院非铜绿假单胞菌的流行分布及耐药现状,为临床合理选择抗菌药物、预防医院感染提供依据。方法采用API staph鉴定系统和K-B琼脂扩散法,对临床分离的非铜绿假单胞菌进行鉴定和药敏试验。结果2004-2008年共分离出357株非铜绿假单胞菌,其中嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌233株(65.27%)、洋葱伯克霍尔德菌55株(15.41%),标本来源以痰标本为主占88.52%,临床科室分布以ICU最多(38.10%),其次为呼吸内科(23.53%);药敏结果显示,非铜绿假单胞菌对大部分抗菌药物耐药率较高,嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌对米诺环素、加替沙星、左氧氟沙星的耐药率较低,分别为3.26%、20.55%、20.83%,洋葱伯克霍尔德菌对美罗培南、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦和亚胺培南的耐药率最低,分别为29.17%、33.33%、39.62%。结论非铜绿假单胞菌以嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌和洋葱伯克霍尔德菌为主,感染主要以下呼吸道为主,其临床分布主要为ICU和呼吸内科,非铜绿假单胞菌表现为高度和多药耐药性,应根据药敏试验结果选用敏感药物进行临床抗感染治疗。
OBJECTIVE To investigate spectrum and drug resistance of No-Pseudomonas aeruginosa, to provide the basis for proper use of antibiotics and prevent patients from hospital acquired infection. METHODS API staph analysis system and the K-B agar diffusion test according to NCCLS were used to identify 357 strains of No- Pseudomonas aeruginosa and to performe drug sensitivity test. RESULTS From 2004 to 2008, 357 strains of No- Pseudomonasaeruginosa were isolated. There are 233 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strains （65. 27%,233/ 357）, 55 Burkholderia cepacia strains （15. 41%,55/357）. Sputum was the main sourse of No-P. aeruginosa （88. 52%, 316/357）. The isolation rate of No-P. aeruginosa was the highest in intensive care units （38. 10%, 136/357）, the next was department of respiratorymedicine （23.53% ,84/357）. The results of drug susceptibility test showed that the resistance rate of No-P. aeruginosa to most drugs were higher, only the resistance rates of S. maltophilia to minocycline , gatifloxacin and levofloxacin were lower, （3. 26%, 20. 55% and 20. 83% respectively）, The resistance rates of B. cepacia to meropenem,piperacillin/tazobactam and Imipenem were lower, being 29.17%, 33. 33% and 39.62% respectively. CONCLUSIONS The most common strains is S. maltophilia and Burkholderia cepacia, the most common site of infection is lower respiratory tract , Most strains of S. maltophilla are isolated from ICU and department of respiratory diseases. The result of drug sensitive test showed that there were high rates of multiple drug resistance in No-P. aeruginosa and treatment of No-P. aeruginosa infection should be based on the results of the drug susceptibility test.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第21期2968-2970,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
非铜绿假单胞菌
嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌
洋葱伯克霍尔德菌
耐药率
抗菌药物
医院感染
No-Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
Burkholderia cepacia
Drug resistance rate
Antibiotic
Nosocomial infection
作者简介
通讯作者：张鲁涛，E—mail：zlt1999@sina．com
