摘要
目的:编制适用于中国城市老年人的心理健康量表。方法:根据心理健康包括认知效能、情绪体验、自我认识、人际交往和适应能力的理论构想,采用文献回顾、专家评定和个人访谈等方法,在原有研究基础上形成初试卷,通过预试形成65题的正式量表。采用分层取样,在全国抽取5149名城市老年人(55～101岁),对量表的信度和效度进行检验。结果:5个分量表和总量表的Cronbachα系数为0.75～0.95。各项目与对应分量表以及各分量表与总量表的相关系数分别为0.21～0.76、0.73～0.92(P<0.01或0.001)。随机抽取39人,间隔3～4周进行重测,得到重测信度为0.71～0.93。总量表验证性因素分析支持一阶五因素模型假设(χ2/df=22.895、NFI=0.951、NNFI=0.950、IFI=0.953、CFI=0.953、RMSEA=0.065)。量表总分与主观幸福感、抑郁、健康自评和满意度,经济、婚姻和子女满意度,参与状况相关(r=0.30-0.74,P<0.01),并可区分心理健康和异常的老年群体。结论:老年心理健康量表(城市版)编制取样范围广、样本量大、年龄跨度宽,量表各项信、效度指标均符合心理测量学要求,可供老年心理健康研究和实践应用。
Objective： To develop a Mental Health Inventory for the Urban Elderly （MHIE-UV） . Methods： The development of MHIE-UV was based on the theoretical proposition that mental health concept involves five aspects： cognitive efficiency, emotional experiences, self-cognition, interpersonal communication and adaptive ability. The items from the author＇s previous Elderly Mental Health Inventories and those from literature review, expert input and individual interviews were together used in the construction of the inventory. Through several turns of testing, the final 65-item MHIE-UV was administered to a national wide sample of 5149 older adults （ aged 55 - 101 years） . Results ： The Cronbach α coefficients of MHIE-UV and its 5 components were 0. 75 - 0. 95. The correlation coefficients between each item and its corresponding component were 0. 21 -0. 76 （P 〈 0.01 ） . The correlation coefficients between MHIE-UV and its components were 0. 73 - 0. 92 （ P 〈 0. 01 ） . The test-retest reliability of MHIE-UV and its components were 0. 71 - 0. 93. The confirmatory factor analysis for MHIE-UV revealed X^2/df = 22. 895, NFI = 0. 951, NNFI =0. 950, IFI =0. 953, CFI =0. 953, and RMSEA =0. 065. In addition, MHIE-UV was correlated significantly with subjective happiness scores, depression scores, and other relevant variables. Significant differences in MHIE-UV and its components were revealed between the group of elder adults with various psychological problems and the normal control group. In addition, national-wide norms for mental health status of the elderly were established. Conclusion： The development of MHIE-UV is based on large national wide sample and its norm is applicable to wide age range. The reliability and validity of MHIE-UV are qualified enough for relevant research and applications.
出处
《中国心理卫生杂志》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第9期656-660,共5页
Chinese Mental Health Journal
基金
中国科学院心理研究所知识创新项目(07CX011001)
国家自然科学基金(30770725)
关键词
心理健康
心理测量学研究
老年人
信度
效度
常模
mental health
psychometric study
the elderly
reliability
validity
norm
作者简介
通信作者Email：lijuan@psych．ac．cn
