摘要
在冬初(11月中旬)和冬后(3月上旬)调查了北方稻田和茭白田二化螟越冬幼虫的生物学特性。二化螟越冬幼虫龄期均在4龄以上,茭白田冬初6龄幼虫的比例比稻田高17.5%;冬后稻田和茭白田高龄幼虫比例均高于冬初。冬初和冬后稻田二化螟雌雄比分别为1︰2.0和1︰1.7,茭白田分别为1︰1.4和1︰1.2。冬初幼虫历期高于冬后,同一时期不同寄主田之间无显著差异,但冬初茭白田幼虫历期比稻田长14.0%;稻田幼虫体重和蛹重均显著低于茭白田。冬初采集越冬幼虫的死亡率在65%以上,茭白田幼虫的主要致死因子为真菌,其致死率在90%以上;稻田幼虫的主要致死因子是寄生蜂和细菌,其致死率分别在50%和25%以上,其中二化螟绒茧蜂和中华钝唇姬蜂是优势寄生蜂。
Bionomics of Chilo suppressalis larvae overwintering in paddy-rice and water-oat fields were investigated in Beijing in early-winter （middle November） and after-winter （early March）. The results show that overwintering larvae are 4th instar or older, and the 6th instar ratio in water-oat fields is 17.5% higher than that in paddy-rice fields in early-winter. Old larvae account for a higher percent in after-winter period than in early-winter. Female to male larvae ratios are respectively 1 ： 2.0 and 1 ： 1.7 in early-winter and after-winter periods in paddy-rice fields, and 1 ： 1.4 and 1 ： 1.2 in water-oat fields. Larvae duration is longer in early-winter than after-winter, and not significantly different between in paddy-rice and water-oat fields in one period. However, larvae from water-oat fields take 14.0% more time before pupation than that from paddy-rice fields in early-winter, while larvae and pupa from water-oat fields are significantly heavier than those from paddy-rice fields. Mortality rate of larvae collected in early-winter is greater than 65% Fungi infection is the primary mortality factor in water-oat fields （i.e. over 90% total mortality）, while parasitic wasp and bacteria infection constitute the primary mortality factors in paddy-rice fields （i.e. respectively over 50% and 25% total mortality）. Apanteles chilonis and Eriborus terebrans are the two dominant parasitic wasps.
出处
《中国生态农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第3期541-544,共4页
Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2006CB1020004)
国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD08A04)资助
关键词
水稻田
茭白田
二化螟
越冬
生物学特性
Paddy-rice filed, Water-oat field, Rice-stem borer, Overwintering, Bionomics
作者简介
韩永强（1983-），男，硕士研究生，主要从事昆虫生态学研究。E—mail：hanyongqiang1984@163．com
通讯作者：侯茂林（1968～），男，副研究员，主要从事昆虫生态和害虫防治研究。E-mail：mlhou@ippcaas．cn
