摘要
目的分析北海市高中生关于艾滋病和性病的认知、态度和行为现状及其影响因素。方法采用横断面研究设计,对北海市2667名高中生进行艾滋病和性病问卷调查。问卷内容包括一般人口学特征;生殖健康、艾滋病及性病知识;艾滋病相关态度、行为及自我价值等内容,通过单因素分析、多元线性回归等统计学方法分析其影响因素。结果学生在艾滋病主要传播途径和生殖健康常识方面的认知率较高(>88%),在艾滋病病毒(HIV)非传播途径、流行状况、安全性行为及性病防治知识等方面的认知率<78%。男生的生殖知识、艾滋病知识、性病知识得分均高于女生(P<0.01)。自我价值、知识培训史、性别、月均消费水平是影响学生艾滋病和性病相关知识的因素(P<0.05)。女生对婚前和婚外性行为态度的平均得分高于男生(P<0.01)。艾滋病知识得分、自我价值评分、男性、知识培训史与对HIV感染者和艾滋病患者态度得分呈正向回归关系(均P<0.05)。发生过性行为的学生占3.3%,有吸烟和饮酒行为的学生性行为发生率分别为13.2%和5.7%。结论对高中生实施艾滋病及性病行为干预非常迫切和必要。应结合影响因素,对不同学生在教育内容和形式上有所侧重,通过适当的同伴教育、课堂教育等干预手段,帮助高中生掌握预防艾滋病的有关常识,改变对艾滋病及患者的态度,强化学生自我保护意识。
Objective To analyse the knowledge,attitude and practice on acquired immunodeficiency syndrome （AIDS） and sexually transmitted diseases （STDs） among senior school students in Beihai,and explore their influential factors. Methods In the cross-sectional study,2667 students were interviewed with self-administered questionnaires which include questions on demographics,knowledge about reproductive health and AIDS/STDs,AIDS-related attitude,practice and self-esteem,etc. Univariate analysis and multiple regression analysis were employed to explore the influential factors. Results The cognition rate in the major ways of human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） transmission and reproductive health was relatively higher （〉88%）,while that in epidemic status,STDs prevention and safe sexual behaviors was lower （〈78%）. Male students achieved significantly more scores than females in knowledge of reproductive health,AIDS and STDs （P〈0.01）. Self-esteem,education background,gender and consumption level were influential factors for knowledge of AIDS and STDs （P〈0.05）. Female students achieved much higher scores than males in attitude towards premarital sexual behaviors and extramarital sexual behaviors （P〈0.01）. Knowledge of AIDS,self-esteem,male gender,education background were positively related to the attitude towards people with HIV infection or AIDS （P〈0.05 for all）. Those with sexual intercourse experience accounted for 3.3% of all the students,and the prevalences among students with smoking and drinking were 13.2% and 5.7%,respectively. Conclusion It is important and imperative to conduct AIDS/STDs education and behavior intervention among senior high school students. The patterns of education may be varied among students with different characteristics according to the influential factors. Programs such as peer education and health education should be carried out to help students have a better command of knowledge about AIDS prevention,develop proper attitude towards AIDS and patients with AIDS and enhance awareness of self-prevention from AIDS.
出处
《上海交通大学学报（医学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2009年第3期291-295,共5页
Journal of Shanghai Jiao tong University:Medical Science
关键词
艾滋病
性病
知识
态度
行为
健康教育
学生
问卷
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
sexually transmitted disease
knowledge
attitude
practice
health education
student
questionnaire
作者简介
徐刚（1977-），男，讲师，硕士；电子信箱：smile567@sohu．com。
通讯作者：黄红，电子信箱：huanghong@smhb．gov．cn。
