情绪研究的新趋向:从有意识情绪到无意识情绪被引量：17

From the Conscious to the Unconscious: New Trend in Emotion Studies

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摘要在传统的情绪理论和研究中,大部分心理学家都把主观体验作为情绪的中心成分,强调意识经验在情绪产生和情绪状态中的作用。然而,在心理学的发展历史过程中,对人类无意识心理的关注也有很长的研究传统。例如,精神分析心理学对无意识动机的关注,早期认知心理学家对阈下知觉的研究等。自从现代认知心理学家Paul Rozin(1976)提出的认知无意识的概念后,无意识情绪问题逐渐引起情绪心理学家的兴趣和关注,并取得了一些研究成果,在一定程度上证明了无意识情绪的存在。当前,无意识情绪研究的趋势如下:(1)从以往关注于阈下引发的情绪向关注于主观体验经验转变,即无意识情绪的关键证据是被试表现出情绪反应的征兆,但是没有报告任何情绪经验上的变化;(2)从以往关注于情绪的正负效价的无意识向关注于具体情绪的无意识的转变。 Most of the traditional psychologists in emotion study have taken subjective experience as the focal element of emotion： They emphasize the role conscious experience plays in emotion occurrence and its continual state. However, the development history has also witnessed a long tradition of attention to unconscious psychology, such as the attention to unconscious motivation by psychoanalysts and the studies of perception under threshold by early cognitive psychologists. Since Paul Rozin （1976） who proposed the concept of cognitive unconsciousness, the issue of unconscious emotion has gradually aroused the interest of the emotion psychologists, who have made achievements and hence proved the reality of unconscious emotion. The emotion studies today have the following trend：（i） transformation from the previous attention to emotion caused under threshold to subjective experience, that is, the decisive evidence for unconscious emotion depends on the emotion reaction portent of the testees who give no reports of any emotion change yet; （ii） transformation from the previous method that focuses on the polar valence of the unconsciousness to that of particular emotions.

作者柳恒超许燕

机构地区中共上海市委党校人力资源测评研究中心北京师范大学心理学院

出处《北京师范大学学报（社会科学版）》 CSSCI 北大核心 2008年第6期43-52,共10页 Journal of Beijing Normal University(Social Sciences)

关键词情绪无意识情绪意识情绪效价 emotion unconsciousness valence

分类号 G44 [哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]

作者简介许燕（1959-），女，北京市人，北京师范大学心理学院，教授。

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