摘要
利用臭氧仪、泡沫分离器和粗滤器等组成的循环水处理系统开展室内凡纳滨对虾工厂化养殖。养殖初始用水及在每次循环处理前的来自虾池的循环水，均置于消毒池以臭氧处理4h、曝气2h，初始水经处理细菌总数约杀灭99％，弧菌量小于1cell·mL^-1。试验期间，按4～6d间隔，以水处理系统循环处理养殖水12h，以去除氨氮、亚硝基氮、有机物、悬浮物与细菌等。养殖约60d后，视水质监测结果增加粗滤和泡沫分离次数，并辅以生石灰水调节循环水pH。在128d全程养殖中，未用药和换水，水处理系统有效控制养殖水质指标在虾生长合适范围内，试验池各指标平均值为：浑浊度13．9NTU，pH8．08，氧化还原电位399mV，NH3-Nt（NH3-Nm）0．267（0．015）mg·L^-1，NO2^--N 0．203mg·L^-1，CODMn 10．34mg·L^-1。同时获得良好的养殖效果：收获虾平均体重13．56g，成活率59．6％，单位水体产量4．27kg·m^-3，饵料系数1．01。据试验结果与凡纳滨对虾养殖特点，提出了虾类室内工厂化养殖循环水调控模式。
The techniques on the regulation-controlling the recirculation water of indoor industrial culturing of Penaeus vannamei were studied making use of the system of circulating water treatment. This system mainly consisted of ozonator, air liquid mixer, air compressor, foam separator and rough filter etc. The initial water before culturing and the recirculating water from shrimp culture pond before every recirculation treating during the culture experiment were treated for 4 h, then aired for 2 h in the sterilizing pond with only ozone. About 99.3% bacterial total was sterilizing and vibrio total was smaller than I cell-mL^-1 by such treating initial water. The culture pond water during the culture was recircularly treated for about 12 h at 4 - 6 d intervals with the system of the circulating water treatment in order to remove NH3-Nt, NO2^--N, organism, suspended matter and bacterial etc. The frequency of using foam separating and rough filter to treating recirculation water was increased and pH was regulated with caustic lime water according to the quality of recirculating water after culturing for about 60 d. The quality of recirculating water was effectively controlled by the system of recirculating water treatment. The quality criteria of the recirculation water for use as the shrimp culture was controlled within suitable range without using any medicine and water exchanging during culture period for 128 d. The average values of main parameter were as follows： turbidity 13.9 NTU, pH 8.08, oxidation reduction 399 mV, NH3-Nt （NH3-Nm） 0. 267 mg · L^- 1 （0. 013 mg · L^-1 ）, NO2^- -N 0. 203 mg· L^-1. CODMn, 10.34 mg· L^- 1. The average body weight of harvest shrimp 13.56 g, survival rate 59.60%, yield in per cubic meter water 4.27 kg·m^-3 bait coefficient 1.01. The mode on regulating controlling recirculation water for indoor industrial culture of prawn is proposed according to the experiment result and culturing character of Penaeus vannarnei.
出处
《水产学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第5期749-757,共9页
Journal of Fisheries of China
基金
上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目[沪农攻字(2003)第8-4号]
关键词
凡纳滨对虾
臭氧
泡沫分离器
粗滤器
水处理
水质指标
工厂化养殖
Peuaeus vannamei
ozone
foam separator
rough filter
water treatment
criteria of water quality
industrial culture
作者简介
臧维玲（1938-），女，山东烟台人，教授，主要从事渔业水环境及其调控研究。E-mail：wlzang@shou．edu．cn
