摘要
有关卢旺达国际刑事法庭的合法性争论由来已久,主要涉及三大问题,即卢旺达局势是否构成对国际和平的威胁;联合国安理会是否有权设立国际刑事司法机构;国际刑事审判是否侵犯了卢旺达国家主权。卢旺达国际刑事法庭审判庭认为,只有安理会才能决定对和平的威胁是否存在,以及何时不复存在,故安理会关于1994年卢旺达局势对国际和平构成威胁的认定是合法的;而根据《联合国宪章》第七章规定,安理会有权决定设立国际刑事法庭,审判国际犯罪,维护世界和平;由于卢旺达提出了成立国际刑事法庭的动议,按照"不得自食其言"原则,卢旺达政府的反对不能对抗安理会决议。所以,卢旺达国际刑事法庭的成立是合法的。
The controversy over the validity of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda(ICTR) has lasted long,which covers mainly three questions:does the situation in Rwanda really convey threat to the international peace? is the UN Security Council entitled to set the international criminal machine of justice? has the international criminal trial encroached the sovereignty of Rwanda? According to the ICTR,it is only the UN Security Council that can read whether the threat to peace exists or not and when.The cognizance of the UN Security Council is legal that the situation in Rwanda in 1994 constitutes the threat to international peace.According to Chapter 7 of the UN Charter,the Security Council is entitled to set up the international criminal tribunal to trial the international criminals and maintain the world peace.Based on the motion of the Rwanda government to establish the international criminal tribunal and on the principle of 'no breaking one's own promise,the objection from Rwanda government can not counteract the resolution of the Security council.The ICTR is legal.
出处
《西亚非洲》
CSSCI
北大核心
2008年第9期54-58,共5页
West Asia and Africa
基金
湘潭大学博士后启动基金课题“中非法律合作研究”与国家社科基金课题“中非法律合作的历史与发展”阶段性成果
作者简介
洪永红，湘潭大学非洲法律与社会研究中心主任、教授、法学博士、中国非洲史研究会副会长（湘潭411105）。
