摘要
"理一"不是实体,是极好致善的"表德",即人类共同的价值标准。"分殊"是万物的个体性、多样性和差异性。理一与分殊的关系不是概念论的一般与个别的关系,是生命论的整体与分体的关系。理一在万物中,在人的心灵中。"理一分殊"说不只是从概念"推下来",而且是从经验"推上去",是经验与观念的统一,分析与综合的统一。人人有真、善、美的价值诉求,但最重要的是理会多样性,立足于分殊而理会理一。理一作为生命的根本法则就是仁,其实现的方法是"忠恕",只有尊重事物的差异性,从中理会一贯的道理,才能实现共同价值。朱子从生命哲学的立场,试图为人类生活建立统一的价值法则,直接讨论人类生存方式这一重大课题,并深入到心灵世界的深处,挖掘共同的生命诉求,坚持多样性是人类存在的基本形态,通过多样性的实践而实现共同价值,有其重要意义。
The Unitary Principle as One is not any substance, but a moral character of perfection, which is the common standard of value of human beings. The Divided Principles represent the individuality, variety and diversity of all things, The relationship of the Unitary Principle and the Divided Principles is different from that of universality and individuality in conceptualism ; it＇ s the relationship of a matrix and its fission in life philosophy. The Principle exists in all things including human mind. The concept of ＇the Unitary Principle and the Divided Principles＇ is not only deduced from idea, but also from the experiences. This is the unification of analysis and synthesis as well as that of idea and experiences. Every man has his pursuit after truth, good and beauty. However, it is most important to thoroughly understand the Unitary Principle based on the Divided Principles. The Unitary Principle as the basic principle of life is named as benevolence （Ren）, the implementation of which is ＇loyalty and consideration＇. Only by respecting for the diversity of things and understanding the consistent principle from it could we actualize the common worth. Based on the position of life philosophy, Zhu Xi tried to establish a united principle of value for human existence. To this end, he directly discussed the significant question of the mode of life, and got to the mot of human soul to seek for the shared pursuits in life. He insisted that variety is the basic form of life and that it is of great significance to practice in various methods to actualize the common value.
出处
《北京大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2008年第3期16-26,共11页
Journal of Peking University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
关键词
理一
分殊
太极
万物
仁
忠恕
一贯
Unitary Principle as One
Divided Principles as Variety
Taiji （Supreme Ultimate）
All Things
Ren （Benevolence）
Loyalty and Consideration
Consistency
作者简介
蒙培元，男，甘肃庄浪人，中国社会科学院哲学所研究员。
