摘要
目的监测人群中霍乱病例和被霍乱弧菌污染的水体及食物,以便尽早采取预防控制措施,防止疫情扩散。方法全省范围开展腹泻患者及外环境、食品监测,选择重点地区开展甲鱼霍乱弧菌污染状况专项监测。结果2006年湖南省共登记腹泻患者111526例,检测霍乱弧菌89661例,检测率为80.39%,检出阳性4例,均为O139群霍乱弧菌感染;检测环境和食品样44533份,其中水体35113份,全部为阴性,水产品5377份,阳性16份,阳性率为0.30%,阳性标本为甲鱼和牛蛙,其他食品4043份,均为阴性;甲鱼专项监测2323份,检出阳性33份,阳性率为1.42%;霍乱毒素基因检测34株菌,20株为产毒株,占58.80%;药敏试验28株菌,均对诺氟沙星、环丙沙星、丁胺卡那霉素100%敏感,对强力霉素、复方新诺明的敏感率为92.86%。结论甲鱼、牛蛙等水产品是湖南省发生霍乱的主要因素,应加强水产品的监测和卫生管理。
Objective The study was conducted for the purpose of detecting cholera cases and water and food contaminated with Vibrio cholerae in a timely manner and taking early prevention and control measures to prevent the spread of the epidemic. Methods Comprehensive surveillance, combining conventional surveillance for diarrhea patients, external environment and food, and special one for snapping turtles potentially contaminated with Vibrio cholerae, was conducted. Results A total of 89 661 cases of detected Vibrio cholerae were found from 111 526 registered diarrhea patients in Hunan province, 2006, resulting in a detection rate of 80.39%. There were four positive patients, all infected with Vibrio cholerae O139. Findings from 44 533 environmental and food samples revealed 35 113 water environmental samples that were all negative, and 5377 fishery products, of which 16 samples were found positive, the positive rate being 0.30%; positive samples included snapping turtles and bullfrogs, whereas the other 4043 were negative. In the special surveillance for snapping turtles, 33 positive cases were detected from 2323 samples, the positive rate being 1.42%. The cholera toxin gene test found 20 toxigenic strains from the 34 detected strains, accounting for 58.80%; sensitivity test was conducted for 28 strains, and 100% sensitivity was found to norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin and amikacin, as well as 92.86% sensitivity to doxycycline and co-trimoxazole. Conclusion Aquatic products such as snapping turtles and bullfrogs constituted the major causes of cholera in Hunan. Therefore, strengthened surveillance and health management for aquatic products is needed.
出处
《疾病监测》
CAS
2008年第3期147-149,共3页
Disease Surveillance
关键词
霍乱
监测
水产品
cholera
surveillance
aquatic products
作者简介
邓志红，女，湖南省汝城县人，硕士，主要从事急性传染病的预防控制工作 通讯作者：邓志红，Tel：0731-4305932，Email：huyiwei7733@sina．com
