摘要
在长壁开采过程中不可避免地会对顶板岩层产生强烈扰动,这种扰动可能扩展到开采区域以外的地方,并且岩石变形破坏的形式也不相同。当岩层坚硬时,储存的能量可能频繁地以高能量微震形式释放出来。当岩层本身所储存的能量无法缓慢释放时,矿震现象常常会发生。研究表明,岩层本身所储存的能量与岩层本身的尺寸有密切的关系。因此,可以采用一些方法或措施来减少采矿诱发的矿震。该措施基于人为的方法破坏储存弹性能的岩层结构,其中最有效的方法之一就是采用定向水压致裂技术。
Coal mining using longwall methods of mining can lead to intense disturbances of undermined roof strata. The disturbances may extend beyond the extraction area and the resulted rock mass deformations will appear differentiated. In the case of stiff and undermined roof strata, the energy stored in these rock masses may be frequently dissipated in the form of high-energy seismic tremors. Such events can occur if these strata should fail either from the containments of rock environment or from adjacent strata. It has also been found that the amount of the stored energy closely depends on the size and/or slenderness of these strata. Thus, it would be possible to apply specific preventive measures to reduce the energy of mining-induced seismic tremors. The methods are based on artificial disintegration of the structure of energy-storing strata. One of the most efficient methods is a method of directional hydraulic fracturing, which is regarded as an alternative solution from the traditional blasting and hydraulic methods.
出处
《煤炭科技》
2008年第1期55-58,共4页
Coal Science & Technology Magazine
关键词
顶板岩层
动力事件
矿震
定向水压致裂
roof strata
dynamic events
tremors
directional hydraulic fracturing
作者简介
Jan DRZEWIECKI（1952-），男，波兰卡托维兹人，1977年毕业于克拉科夫矿冶学院采矿工程专业，博士后，波兰矿山研究总院副教授，冲击矿压防治实验室主任。
