摘要
目的 探讨神经性厌食症（anorexia nervosa,AN）患者的心理防御机制及其与患者个性特征和父母养育方式的关系。方法 对40例神经性厌食症患者和40例正常人进行防御方式问卷（DSQ）、父母教养方式评价量表（EMBU）和艾森格人格问卷（EPQ）调查。比较2组防御机制的不同,以及防御机制与个性特征和教养方式的关系。结果 神经性厌食症患者的中间型和不成熟型防御机制因子均分[分别为（5.17±1.25）分和（5.56±1.52）分]高于正常对照组[（3.54±1.07）分和（3.04±1.01）分],成熟防御机制因子均分[（4.31±1.09）分]低于对照组[（5.56±1.10）分],两者之间的差异有显著性。回避、隔离、投射、被动攻击、躯体化等防御机制因子均分显著高于对照组。AN患者父母教养方式的情感温暖、理解因子分明显低于对照组,惩罚、拒绝和过度保护因子分明显高于对照组。EPQ结果：AN患者神经质标准分（sN）显著高于对照组,外向标准分（sE）显著低于对照组。相关分析结果：AN患者父母拒绝、否定和过度保护教养方式以及神经质个性特征与中间型和不成熟型防御机制的使用显著相关。结论 AN患者更多使用回避、投射、被动攻击、躯体化等中间型和不成熟型防御机制,并与个性缺陷和父母不良的教养方式密切相关,可能是AN患者症状产生的病理心理基础,也是心理治疗中应该注意解决的主要问题。
Objective To study the defense mechanism and its relationship with personality and parental rearing in patients with anorexia nervosa （AN）. Methods Both AN patients （ n=60）and normal controls（ n= 60） completed Defense Style Questionnaire （DSQ）. Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppforst（EMBU） and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ）. Results The factor scores of neurotic defense and immature mechanism were found significantly highly in AN patients （5. 17 ± 1.25 and 5.56± 1.52, respectively） compared with control group （3.54 ± 1.07 and 3.04 ± 1.01 ,respectively） （ P〈0.01 ）. The factor score of mature mechanism of DSQ in AN patients（4.31± 1.09） were significantly lower than that of control group （5.65 ± 1.10）. The scores of neurotic defense such as avoidance in AN patients were found significantly higher than that of control group （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The scores of factors such as affect warmth were found significantly lower and the scores of factor such as punishment, refuse and overprotection were found significantly higher on the father and mother scales of EMBU in AN patients compared with that of control. The scores of the neuroticism subscale of EPQ in AN patients were found significantly higher and the scores of the extraversion subscale were lower than that of control group. The resuits of correlation analysis showed that the rearing pattern such as refuse an d overprotection of father and mother and the personality characteristic such as neuroticism correlated positively with the endorsement of neurotic defense and immature mechanism in AN patients. Conclusion The AN patients were more likely than the normal controls to endorse the neurotic defense and immature mechanism, which were related with the unhealthy personality and parental rearing pattern of the patients. The AN patients characteristically made use of avoidance and other neurotic defense compared with control group. It may be the psychopathology of AN from which the avoidance symptom produced. They should be the key target symptoms of psychotherapy.
出处
《中国行为医学科学》
CSCD
2007年第3期214-216,共3页
Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medical Science
关键词
神经性厌食症
防御机制
个性特征
父母教养方式
Anorexia nervosa
Defense mechanism
Personality characteristics
Parental rearing
