摘要
为了开发新型植物源杀菌剂和充分利用菊芋(Helianthus tuberosus L.)资源,本文尝试用石油醚、乙醚、乙酸乙酯和水等4种溶剂对菊芋叶片进行平行提取,采用生长速率法测定菊芋叶片提取物对水稻纹枯菌(Rhizoc-tonia solaniKühn)、小麦赤霉菌[Gibberella zeae(Schw.)Petch]、番茄早疫菌[Alternaria solani(Ellis et Martin)Jones et Grour]和番茄灰霉菌(Botrytis cinerea Pers.)生长量的抑制活性;并通过试管法和滤纸法对菊芋叶片内化学成分进行初步预试。抑菌实验结果表明:(1)菊芋叶片各溶剂提取物处理与对照处理相比差异显著;(2)菊芋叶片水提取物处理与各有机溶剂提取物处理差异也基本显著;(3)菊芋叶片各溶剂提取物同浓度处理对水稻纹枯菌、番茄早疫菌和番茄灰霉菌抑制效果较好;(4)菊芋叶片乙酸乙酯提取物抑菌效果最为显著,浓度为20mg/mL时对番茄早疫菌和番茄灰霉菌已达到完全抑制,对水稻纹枯菌抑制率也达到77.91%。初步化学预试结果说明,菊芋叶片中含有蛋白质、氨基酸、还原糖类、有机酸、酚类和鞣质、黄酮类、内酯类、强心甙以及油脂等化学成分。
In order to develop new plant-source fungicide, some active components from Jerusalem artichoke,Helianthus tuberosus leaves were extracted with petroleum ether, ethyl ether, ethyl acetate and water. The antifungal activities of these extracts to Rhizoctonia solani, GibbereUa zeae,Alternaria solani and Botrytis cinema were tested using the methods of growth rates in laboratory. The results showed that： （ 1 ） the treatments were significantly different compared with the control at the same concentration; （2） the inhibitory effects of aqueous extracts were significantly less than those of extracts of organic solvents; （3） the antifungal effects of the extracts to Rhizoctonia solani,Alternarla solani and Botrytis cinerea were well; （4） the extract of ethyl acetate presents the highest inhibitory activity,and its lowest inhibitory rates were 77.91%, 100 and 100% to Rhizoctonia solani,Alternaria solani and Botrytis cinerea respectively at a concentration of 20 mg/mL. The chemical test showed that the leaf of Helianthus tuberosus contained protein, amino acid, reducing sugars, organic acids, phenols and tannins,flavonoids, lactones, cardiac glycoside and grease and so on.
出处
《天然产物研究与开发》
CAS
CSCD
2007年第3期405-409,共5页
Natural Product Research and Development
基金
国家863项目(2003AA627040)
关键词
菊芋
水稻纹枯菌
小麦赤霉菌
番茄早疫菌
番茄灰霉菌
Helianthus tuberosus
Rhizoctonia solani
Gibberella zeae
Alternaria solani
Botrytis cinema
作者简介
通讯作者 Tel：86-25-84396678；E-mail：sea@njau．edu．cn.
