摘要
目的探讨西安市老年公寓老年人主观幸福感（SWB）的社会性影响因素。方法采用自评量表以问卷和个别面谈的方式对西安市城区20所社会化养老机构的老年人（n-462）的SWB的社会性因素（人口特征、社会支持）进行测量。主观幸福感用MUNSH的正性因子、负性因子、幸福度总分的平均值来描述。结果影响因素中不同性别、年龄、婚姻状况以及经济收入、文化层次老年人的SWB得分无显著性差异，P〉0．05。不同个性、抑郁情绪、社会支持的老年人SWB得分有显著性差异，P〈0．01。结论老年公寓老年人的SWB的主要影响因素是个性、抑郁情绪和社会支持。关注老年人的身心健康和体验，使生活在公寓的老年人不失去家庭感、生活的私密性，有安全感和归属感是老年公寓的立足之本。
Objective To investigate the social factors influencing subjective well-being （SWB） of the elderly in nursing home. Methods Data were collected through individual interview in which standardize questionnaires were completed by 462 old people in the nursing home of Xi＇an. SWB was indexed by positive factor,negative factor and total score of MUNSH. Results No significant difference in the SWB of the elderly was noted among sex, age,marriage condition,individual income and educated level （P 〈 0.05）. The differences were significant among the personality,depressive emotion and social support （P （0.01）. Condusions The personality, depressive emotion and social support are the main factors which affected SWB of the elderly in nursing home.
关键词
主观幸福感
老年人
老年公寓
Subjective Well-- being
The Elderly
Nursing Home
作者简介
马艳，女，1969年出生，硕士研究生在读，主管护师。研究方向。老年病护理研究。
通讯作者：化前珍，女，教授，硕士生导师。710032第四军医大学护理系（E-mail：qianzhen@fmmu．edu．cn）
