摘要
本文首先扼要说明《汉语书面用语初编》的来历与内容,并由此入手提出汉语书面语和口语(正式语体和非正式语体)之间的区别和联系。文章认为,汉语书面语至少具有以下五个方面的特征,即:表达正式的语体功能;语体典雅与词语长短的对应关系;嵌偶单音词的遴用;合偶双音词的使用;文言古句型的选用。同时指出,汉语书面正式语体的语法特点是韵律和句法交互作用的结果。文章最后提出"韵律不同则雅俗有别"的基本原则,以及有关学写汉语书面正式语体的一些方法。
This paper argues for a distinction between formal and informal Chinese based on the study of the Collection of Formal Expressions in Chinese. It proposes that there are at least five important syntactic and stylistic properties in written Chinese: 1) the development of the formal system; 2) the correlation between style and word length; 3) monosyllabic words used in a disyllabic template; 4) disyllabic words used as a couplet; and 5) formal patterns taken from ancient Chinese. It is further argued that the formal and informal styles in Chinese are also determined by prosody. Finally, some essential principles and teaching methods are proposed for teaching Chinese as a second language.
出处
《世界汉语教学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2006年第4期98-106,共9页
Chinese Teaching in the World
关键词
书面语
正式语体
嵌偶词
舍偶词
当代书面古句型
written language formal style monosyllabic word in disyllabic template disyllabic couplet archaic pattern in modern Chinese
作者简介
冯胜利，男，1955年生于北京。现任北京语言大学博士生导师、长江学者讲座教授．哈佛大学东亚系教授及中文部主任，研究兴趣为韵律构词学、韵律句法学和对外汉语教学。（通讯地址：100083北京语言大学人事处／5 Bryant Street，Cambridge，MA02138）
