摘要
从文献中提取葡萄金黄化病（flavescence dorée，FD）及其传播介体葡萄带叶蝉Scaphoideus titanus Ball的发生和分布信息，建立数据库，并导入生物地理信息系统软件DIVA-GIS。依据葡萄带叶蝉的生物学特性，筛选出能够准确反映影响葡萄带叶蝉分布的生物气候变量，采用DIVA-GIS内建的ENFA模型进行预测分析。结果表明：以月平均温（上限＋下限）、最冷月最低温（上限）和最热月最高温（下限）变量为参数，以欧洲的已知分布为源数据，用BIOCLIM算法可以准确预测出包括美国和加拿大的大湖区和纽约州的芬格湖群（Finger Lakes）在内的大片区域是葡萄带叶蝉在北美洲的适生区。这与葡萄带叶蝉在北美洲的已知分布区十分吻合。然后，用上述参数对葡萄带叶蝉在中国的潜在分布区进行了分析。结果表明：葡萄带叶蝉在中国中东部的广大区域（23～42°N，101～124°E）都可以生存。此外，在新疆石河子附近和台湾省中部也有小片的可生存区域。在中国的十大主要葡萄产区中，渤海湾产区的胶东半岛和辽东半岛、甘肃、云南高原葡萄产区是葡萄带叶蝉的适生区域。进一步的分析表明：葡萄金黄化病的潜在分布区和适生区与葡萄带叶蝉是一致的。随着全球气候变暖，葡萄金黄化病和葡萄带叶蝉在中国的潜在分布区有向北移动的趋势，在渤海湾葡萄产区的潜在分布区会进一步扩大。
The known occurrence of grapevine flavescence dorée （FD） and the known distribution of its insect vector, leafhopper Scaphoideus titanus Ball, were extracted from published literatures. This information was summarized in a database file, and then introduced into the bio-geographical information system software DIVA-GIS. The 19 bioclimatic variables of the WORLDCLIM database were evaluated based on the biological characteristics of S. titanus. Three bioelimatie variables were selected for prediction because they were considered the best representatives of the climatic requirement of S. titanus, i. e. mean monthly temperature range （lower ＋ upper）, rain temperature of coldest month （upper） and max temperature of warmest month （lower）. Using the known distribution of S. titanus in Europe as the source data,the above three bioclimatic variables as parameters, BIOCLIM as algorithm, the distribution of S. titanus in North American was analyzed in order to test whether these parameters are appropriate or not. The results revealed that the Great Lakes region of USA and Canada and the Finger Lakes region of New York State were the best habitat for S. titanus. This is exactly true because S. titanus is actually originated from these regions and therefore confirm us that the above parameters are appropriate. Then, the potential distribution of S. titanus in China was predicted using the above parameters. The results show that the vast area of middle and eastern China （101 -124°E, 23-42°N） is the potential distribution region of S. titanus. Besides, S. titanus can also survive in the vicinity of Shihezi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and the middle mountain area of Taiwan Province. Further analysis revealed that the potential distribution region and best habitat of FD phytoplasma are identical with those of S. titanus. Among the ten main viticulture regions of China, the Shandong and Liaodong peninsula of the Bohai gulf viticulture region, the Yunnan plateau viticulture region and part of the Gansu viticulture region are the most endangered areas by FD and S. titanus. As the consequences of global warming, the potential distribution regions of FD and S. titanus in China will shift north within the coming 50 years. Meanwhile, their potential distribution within the Bohai gulf viticulture region will expand remarkably.
出处
《植物保护学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第1期51-58,共8页
Journal of Plant Protection
基金
国家质量技术监督检验检疫总局资助项目(B041-2004)
作者简介
葛泉卿，男，1965年生，博士研究生，从事植物检疫性细菌和植原体病害的检疫技术研究，email：ciqgqq@hotmml．com
通讯作者（Author for correspondence），email：fjwen@sdau．edu．cn
