印第安传统文化初探(之二)——印第安恶作剧者多层面形象的再解读被引量：13

A Re-Reading of the Multi-Faceted Figure of the Indian Trickster

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摘要在印第安口头文学中,恶作剧者既担当着创世者和部族文化英雄的角色,又是边缘化的孑然独行者和社会道德规范的逾越者,以好色、饕餮、傲慢、反叛、贪婪、残忍、卤莽、懒惰等恶习和蠢行而著称,且每每因自己的恶作剧行为而遭受惩罚。印第安恶作剧者的这种多层面形象蕴涵着把和谐、平衡、统一视为最理想境界的印第安宇宙观,体现着作为印第安生活主干的印第安幽默;借助于对恶作剧者形象的戏谑和嘲讽,恶作剧者故事在听众的笑声中实现了印第安口头文学的教化功能,不仅保证了部族文化传统的世代延续,而且促成部族成员对印第安道德规范的接受与认同。 In the oral literature of American Indians, the trickster at once plays the role of creator and culture hero, and appears as a marginalized, solitary wanderer and a violator of social moral norms. Notorious for being lascivious, gluttonous, arrogant, disobedient, greedy, cruel, reckless, lazy, clever, tricky and many other vices and follies, it is punished, more often than not, for the trickery it commits. The multi - faceted figure of the Indian trickster embodies Indian cosmology which views harmony, balance and unity as the most ideal state; it also epitomizes Indian humor that is the mainstay of Indian life. By way of teasing and satirizing the trickster figure, the trickster stories accomplish the instructive function of American Indian oral literature in the laughter of the audience, thus not only ensuring the continuance of the tribal cultural heritage from generation to generation, but also enabling tribe members to accept and identify with the Indian social moral norms.

作者邹惠玲

机构地区徐州师范大学外国语学院

出处《徐州师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》 2005年第6期33-37,共5页 Journal of Xuzhou Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

关键词印第安恶作剧者多层面形象印第安宇宙观印第安幽默教化功能 the Indian trickster the multi -faceted figure American Indian cosmology Indian humor instructive function

分类号 I106.4 [文学—世界文学]

作者简介邹惠玲（1957-），女，山东淄博人，徐州师范大学外国语学院教授，英语语言文学博士。

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参考文献14

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