摘要
目的探讨腓动脉为蒂的小腿前外侧岛状皮瓣修复足、踝及小腿下1/3皮肤缺损的疗效。方法解剖观察46侧成人下肢尸体标本的腓动脉前穿支走行及其与外踝前动脉的吻合,腓动、静脉和小腿骨间膜的关系。临床应用经小腿骨间膜前方游离腓动脉为蒂的小腿前外侧岛状皮瓣修复足、踝及小腿下1/3皮肤缺损8例,男7例,女1例;年龄7～48岁。皮瓣切取面积7cm×4cm￣23cm×12cm。结果腓动脉下1/3段发出前穿支,平均3.2支,穿过小腿骨间膜孔,经小腿前肌间隔浅出,营养小腿前外侧皮肤。腓动脉终末前穿支与外踝前动脉吻合形成外踝前动脉弓。切开小腿骨间膜很容易游离腓动、静脉。全部病例随访1～8年,平均3年。1例出现远端1/3坏死,余全部成活。皮瓣无破溃、臃肿,踝关节、足趾活动正常,足部血供佳。4例缝接腓浅神经者皮瓣痛觉恢复。所有病例均出现第三、四趾蹼感觉减退。结论经小腿骨间膜前方游离腓动、静脉,体位舒适,操作容易,皮瓣切取面积大,切取后对足部血供影响较小,是修复足部皮肤缺损的理想皮瓣。
Objective To explore the method of repairing skin defects in the foot, the ankle and the lower one-third of the lower leg with anterolateral island flaps of the lower leg formed by isolating peroneal artery from the anterior interosseous memhrane of the lower leg. Methods 46 adult cadavers lower legs were anatomized, to observe the blood supply of the anterolateral skin, the lateral anterior malleolar artery anastomoses with anterior perforating branches of the peroneal artery, and the relationship between peroneal vessels and interosseous membrane of the lower legs. Clinically, 8 cases （7 males, 1 female, age ranged from 7 to 48 years） of skin defects of the feet, the ankles and the lower one-third of the lower legs were repaired with anterolateral island flaps of the lower leg by isolating the peroneal vessels from the anterior interosseous membrane of the h）wer legs from June 1996 to August 2004. The flaps were cut into sizes between 7 cm × 4 cm and 23 cm× 12 cm. Results Averaged 3.2 anterior branches stem from the lower one-third of the peroneal artery, extend through the foremina in the interosseous membrane, pass the anterior intermuscular sep- turn of the lower leg, arrive and provide nutrition to the anterolateral skin of the lower leg. The lateral anterior malleolar artery anastomosed with the lowest perforating branch of the peroneal artery to form the lateral malleolar artery arch. The peroneal vessels easily isolated after incision of the interosseous membrane of the lower leg. Eight （rases were performed on transposition of the anterolateral island flaps with the artery pedieles of the lower leg. All the patients were followed up from 1 to 8 years, with a mean of 3 years. Only 1 case was necrosis at the distal one-third of the flap. The others totally survived without diabrosis and swelling. The ankle and phalanges had normal movement. The color and texture of the flaps were excellent. The sensation of flaps recovered in 4 cases by suture superficial peroneal nerve. All cases suffered hypoesthesia at the 3rd and 4th toe web. Conclusion Isolating peroneal artery and vein from the anterior interosseous membrane of the lower leg proved easy to perform. Peroneal artery are not main blood vessels and the excision of them affects blood supply to the foot insignificantly. The skin flaps thus formed are ideal for repairing skin defeets of the foot, the ankle and the lower one-third of the lower leg.
出处
《中华骨科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第11期671-673,共3页
Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics
关键词
外科皮瓣
足损伤
踝损伤
治疗结果
Surgical flaps
Foot injuries
Ankle injuries
Treatment outcome
