摘要
本文在吸收符合论、实效论、融贯论、语义论等真理学说的理论精华并对客观真实说、法律真实说等证明标准理论进行批判性继承的基础上,构建起一个完整的真的标准体系：真的保证性标准就是“命题与事实符合”,它是对真的规定,是真的识别标准；真的核证性标准又由真的证实标准和真的证明标准两个部分组成,真的证实标准就是“命题与经验证据符合”,真的证明标准就是“命题与科学证据符合”,它们是对命题真性的揭示和展现,是真的证成标准；真的有效性标准就是“命题与实体法律规范和程序法律规范符合”,它是真命题的“有用性”、“能用性”的评价标准；真的现实的合理的可接受标准就是“排除一切合理怀疑”。这个标准体系澄清了以往证明标准问题上的理论混乱,使真的各种标准在诉讼证明实践中各归其位,各司其职。作者认为,这种标准体系才是科学的完整的,因而也是司法实践应当遵循的标准体系。
On the ground of assimilating the theoretical essence of such truth theories as the correspondence theory,validity theory,coherence theory,semantics,and with critical inheritance of the notion of objective truth and the notion of legal truth,this paper constitutes a comprehensive system of criteria of truth,that is:the guaranteeing criterion of truth is“the coherence of the proposition and fact”which stipulates the internal property of truth and constitutes the identification criterion.The authorizing criterion of truth consists of two parts, namely,the confirming criterion and the testifying criterion.The confirming criterion of truth is“the coherence of proposition and experimental evidence”and the testifying criterion of truth is“the coherence of proposition and scientific evidence.”These are the revelation and exposition of the trueness of the proposition as well as the justification criterion of truth.The validity criterion of truth is“the coherence of proposition and substantial legal norms and processional legal norms”.It is the evaluating criterion of the“validity”and“practicability”of true propositions; the practically and reasonably acceptable criterion of truth is“beyond reasonable doubt.”This system of criteria elucidates the theoretical confusion in the problem of the criterion of justification and lets different criteria of truth find their own uses.The author holds that only this system of criterion is scientific and comprehensive and so legal practice should abide by it.
出处
《中国社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2005年第5期108-118,共11页
Social Sciences in China
作者简介
张继成，1964年生，中南财经政法大学法学院教授。
