摘要
对中国红原鸡滇南亚种和海南亚种与我国茶花鸡、泰和鸡和寿光鸡等地方鸡种以及芦花鸡、洛岛红等外国鸡种进行了血型（３个位点、１３个等位基因）、蛋白质（酶）多态（５个位点，１１个等位基因）和ＤＮＡ指纹分析，结果表明，红原鸡与茶花鸡（原始型品种）的亲缘关系较近；与泰和鸡、寿光鸡、芦花鸡、洛岛红（进化型品种）的亲缘关系较远，呈红原鸡－茶花鸡－泰和鸡、寿光鸡或芦花鸡、洛岛红这样一个进化阶梯。以上结果与国外资料（红原鸡不同群体和其它３种原鸡）比较显示，家鸡与红原鸡的亲缘关系最近，与绿原鸡的亲缘关系最远；而且我国的４个鸡种系统聚类为一个类群，而国外的不同原鸡聚类为另３个类群，提示中国地方鸡种可能有独立的血缘来源。
The analysis of blood-group genes(3 loci,13 alleles),plasma protein polymorphic loci(5 loci,11 alleles) and DNA fingerprints of Red Jungle Fowl and Chinese native fowl breeds or foreign fowl breeds showed that the genetic relationship between Red Jungle Fowl and Chahua Chicken was relatively close,while that between Red Jungle Fowl and Taihe Silky,Shouguang Chicken or Barred Plymouth Rock,Rhode Island Red was relatively remote.The evolutional dendrogram was as follow:Red Jungle Fowl-Chahua Chicken-Taihe Silky and Shouguang Chicken or Barred Plymouth Rock and Rhode Island Red.The comparison of present study and published data showed that the Red Jungle Fowl was relatively close to the domestic fowls,while the Green Jungle Fowl(Gallus varius)was found to be related most remotely to the domestic fowls.On the other hand,the cluster analysis showed that the four Chinese local breeds or species of fowl belonged to the same cluster,and the foreign Jungle Fowls formed another cluster.These results support the theory concerning the independent origin of Chinese native fowl breeds.
关键词
鸡
红原鸡
家鸡
亲缘关系
Red Jungle Fowl,Domestic fowl,Genetic relationship,Blood-group,Plasma protein polymorphism,DNA fingerprinting
