摘要
对上海市浦东新区4个非污灌的蔬菜园艺场和2个污灌区的蔬菜所含7种重金属进行检测,用国家蔬菜卫生标准计算单项污染指数并进行了评价。结果表明,4个蔬菜园艺场的蔬菜重金属单项污染指数均小于1,符合无公害食品要求。不同种类蔬菜对重金属的富集含量差异较大,绿叶菜类较其他蔬菜容易富集Cr、Cd、Hg、As,在实验中测出Cr、Cd、Hg、As的含量明显偏高。非污灌区园艺场的蔬菜重金属含量与污灌区菜地蔬菜重金属相比较,各污染指标差异显著。污灌区所采集的9个蔬菜样的Cu、Zn,Pb、Hg、As不超标,Cd、Cr超标率均为100%,其中8个菜样为轻度污染,1个为重污染,蔬菜污染主要与在污灌区种植有关。因此,农田污水灌溉要严格执行灌溉水质标准,禁止盲目灌溉,防止土壤和蔬菜的污染。
Vegetable security is important to our life, and it is absolutely necessary to set up city outskirt biogeocenose system. With industry and agriculture development, atmosphere, water and soil are getting more polluted. So vegetable is polluted in some degree. We measured and analyzed contents of heavy metals in vegetables in 4 gardening fields and 2 sewage sludge regions in Pudong zone of Shanghai city and then evaluated single pollution index by national vegetable environmental quality standards. The results of all single pollution index values in 4 gardening fields were less than 1, which indicated no pollution and the vegetables in gardening fields meeting environmental requirement. The enrichment of heavy metals in vegetables differed with their different physiological characteristics, growth time and sensitive degrees to contamination. The results showed that green-leaves absorbed more Cr, Cd, Hg and As than other vegetables. Heavy metal contents for same kind vegetable that planted in different areas also differed greatly, which mainly related to heavy metal contents of soil and irrigation water of planting area. Generally, the higher heavy metal contents in soil and irrigation water, the more accumulation of heavy metal contents in vegetables. Heavy metal contents in gardening field vegetable were significantly different from that in sewage irrigated area vegetable. Single pollution indexes of Cu, Zn, Pb and As were less than 1 in nine vegetable samples collected from sewage irrigation regions, while, indexes of Cd and Cr in both of them were more than 1, suggesting 100% were polluted, and among these, one was seriously polluted resulted from the application of Huangpu river sewage sludge. So it was necessary to carry out irrigation water standard strictly and forbid blindness irrigation to prevent soil and vegetable pollution.
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第4期761-765,共5页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(40131020
40173030)
上海市基础研究重点项目(02DJ14029)
上海市启明星跟踪计划(01QM1406)
教育部优秀青年教师资助计划
关键词
蔬菜
重金属
含量
评价
vegetable
heavy metal
content
evaluation
作者简介
姚春霞（1976～），女，安徽歙县人，博士研究生，主要研究方向为城镇水土环境污染。E-mail：ybo2161023@student．ecnu．edu．cn
