摘要
牙璧是玉璧的一种变体,旧称“璇玑”。它数量不多,但流传时间较长,且出土地点颇多。通过对那些有确切出土地点的牙璧进行分类研究,探讨牙璧的分布、年代和发展演变,并推测它的功能和用途。可以认为,牙璧始于距今5500年的大汶口文化中期,以大汶口文化晚期和龙山文化前期数量最多,主要集中在山东和辽东两个地区。到夏商周时期,上述两地区牙璧的数量骤然减少,但分布范围却有较大扩展。东周以后牙璧基本消失。
Jade gear-like bi disc, whose old name is xuan ji, is a kind of variant shape of jade bi disc. Although the amount is not large enough, it has a long period and wide distribution. In this essay, the author studies those jade gear-like bi discs by assorting the materials which have been unearthed from the definite loci and sites, explores the distribution, date and development of jade gear-like bi disc, and infers its function and usage. With the analyses, the author concludes that it originated from the middle stage of Dawenkou culture, 5500 years ago, reached the peak in amount at the late Dawenkou and the early Long-shan culture, and chiefly distributed in the regions of Shandong and Liaodong. Until Xia-Shang-Zhou periods, its quantity decreased suddenly in the above-mentioned two regions while its distribution expanded vastly. After Eastern Zhou, jade gear-like bi disc vanished in the main.
出处
《文物》
CSSCI
北大核心
2005年第7期69-81,共13页
Cultural Relics
