摘要
通过田间试验研究了叶绿素仪用于西北旱地主栽的10个冬小麦品种氮素营养诊断的效果。结果表明,冬小麦SPAD值与子粒产量、生物学产量有很好的相关性,尤其以拔节期和开花期相关性较高。不同施氮量下的SPAD值有明显的不同,施氮量为180kg/hm2时,SPAD值达到最大。在同一施氮水平下,开花期的SPAD值均最高。拔节期之前冬小麦不同品种间SPAD值的差异较小,拔节期以后差异较大,最大可达9.2个SPAD单位。小偃22在每个时期的SPAD值都最高,并且与陕253、陕229和小偃503之间的差异均达显著水平,而陕253、陕229和小偃503之间的差异不显著。可见,小偃22与其它3个品种对氮素反应分属于不同类型,应根据不同品种类型建立相应的诊断指标。
Nitrogen nutrition status of winter wheat was close related to its quality and yield. Conventional chemical method for plant nutrition diagnosis was considered as a reliable one. However, it was time-consuming which limited its wide application in agricultural production. In recent years, the Chlorophyll meter method has been adopted to access the N status of crops, however, the content of chlorophyll is not only related to the rate of nitrogen supplied, but also to crop characteristics. In order to using this method to conduct a rational application of N, an ulterior study of mutual relation between crop variety as well as growing stage and SPAD reading was quite necessary, especially for the wheat production on the dryland of Northwest China. A field experiment was conducted to study the relationship between the varieties of winter wheat as well as the application rates of nitrogen and the SPAD reading at different growing stages of winter wheat. The experimental design was split-plot design. Results showed that SPAD values were high correlated to the biological yields and grain yields of winter wheat, especially at the jointing stage and anthesis stage. There was also a significantly positive correlation between the SPAD value and the application rate of N. The SPAD value was the highest when the nitrogen application rate was 180 kg/ha. Under the condition of same application rate of N, the SPAD value was the highest at anthesis stage. The discrepancies of the SPAD value among different wheat varieties were less before jointing stage; while discrepancies were much more after jointing stage, with highest discrepancy being 9.2 SPAD units. The SPAD value of Xiaoyan22 was the highest at each stage. The discrepancy between Xiaoyan22 and Shaan253, Shaan229 as well as Xiaoyan503 measured up to a significant level at each growth stage. This indicated that different varieties had different responses to N. Therefore, it is necessary to set up different diagnosis indexes corresponding to different variety of winter wheat.
出处
《植物营养与肥料学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第4期461-466,共6页
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(30230230)
黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室基金(10501-116)资助。
关键词
冬小麦品种
叶绿素仪
氮素营养诊断
winter wheat cultivars
chlorophyll meter
nitrogen nutrition diagnosis
作者简介
赵满兴（1971－），男，陕西合阳人，讲师，博士研究生，主要从事土壤与植物营养研究。
通讯作者
