摘要
干旱或渗透胁迫下，３个测试的玉米杂交种幼苗叶片叶绿素含量均下降，其净光合速率、呼吸速率亦显著下降，下降幅度为：玉单３５８＜桂三２号＜南校８号。叶片Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰ酶和Ｍｇ２＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性显著增加，增加幅度为；玉单３５８＜桂三２号＜南校８号。田间试验结果表明：干旱处理后，各品种株高、穗长、穗粗和籽粒百粒重均有不同程度的下降，下降幅度均为：玉单３５８＜桂三２号＜南校８号。干旱胁迫显著降低了玉米产量。减产程度为：玉单３５８＜桂三２号＜南校８号。说明花粉植株杂交种玉单３５８的抗旱能力大于桂三２号和南校８号。
Some physiological and agricultural characters of three maize (Zea mays L.)cultivars,i.e.cv.Yu Dan 358,Gui Shan No.2and Nan Xiao No.8 which treated with natural or inductive drought stress by polyethylene glycol(PEG)were studied comparatively.The main results were as follows:The content of chlorophyll, net photosynthetic rate(NPR) and respiratory rate in leaves of three maize cultivars were considerably lowered during be treated by drought stress.The decreasing rate of above three indexes was by Yu Dan 358<Gut Shan No.2<Nan Xiao No.8.On the contrary,the activities of Mg2+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase were increased markedly than that of the control.The trend of increasement of ATPase was by Yu Dan 358<Gui Shan No.2<Nan Xiao No.8.The plant height, ear length and ear diameter were decreased in varying degree during be treated by drought stress.Hundred grain weight(HGW)and grain yields were extremely decreased by drought stress.The tendency of decreasing of plant height,ear length,ear diameter.HGW and grain yields were similar with that of NPR.Above mentioned results indicated that the drought resistance of Yu Dan 358 is most powerful than that of the other two cultivars.
关键词
干旱胁迫
净光合速率
产量
玉米
drought stress
net photosynthetic rate
respiratory rate
grain yields
hybrid species of maize
