摘要
数百年来,在山西的许多地方,特别是晋中、晋南地区,流传着许多大同小异的关于“分水”的传说,它们并不像表面上被人们以为的那样荒诞无稽,或者像被后人附加的那样具有政治反抗的寓意,而是凸显出当地非常重要的水资源利用问题,直接关系到区域地理、社会制度与国家制度、社群关系等等。同时,这些故事的产生本身就是历史过程的一部分,成为表现某种权力关系的象征性资源。本文通过分析太原晋祠、介休源神庙和洪洞广胜寺的个案,试图显示乡土社会内部错综复杂的权力关系,以及为协调这一关系而逐步确立和完善的制衡性制度。更为重要的是,本文并不把分水问题仅仅看作简单的人口—资源关系紧张的结果,而将其放在公共资源或公共物品产权界定的问题框架中去思考和分析。
For hundreds of years, stories about struggles for water have circulated widely in Shanxi, particularly in the central and southern parts of the province. These stories, similar to each other, are not as absurd as they appear on the surface, nor, despite the interpretations attached to them by later generations, are they fables of political resistance. They highlight an important local concern about access to water as a resource that is directly related to regional geography, social and state institutions and community relations. The formation of these stories constitutes a part of a historical process in itself, being a symbolic resource of certain power relations. In the analyses of cases of Jinci Temple in Taiyuan, Yuanshen Temple in Jiexiu and Guangsheng Temple in Hongtong, this article attempts to reveal the entwined power relations inside the rural societies, and to show the system established and improved to counterbalance and coordinate these relations. More importantly, the author considers and analyzes the struggles for water in the framework of ownership of public resources or public goods, rather than seeing it simply as a result of population-resource tension.
出处
《中国社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2005年第2期189-203,共15页
Social Sciences in China
