摘要
贫血是妊娠期最常见的合并症,铁缺乏是妊娠期贫血最常见的病因。妊娠期间为了孕育和适应胎儿的生长,女性经历了重大的解剖和生理变化,这些变化在妊娠早期就开始影响机体的每一个器官系统。随着孕周的增长,孕妇血容量的增加超过血液成分的增加幅度,胎儿的生长发育对铁的需求急剧增加,当体内铁储存量或摄入量不能满足母体需要时,导致铁的相对或绝对缺乏,引起缺铁性贫血。妊娠期贫血增加产褥期感染、胎盘早剥、孕妇死亡、妊娠期高血压疾病、剖宫产、产后出血、胎儿生长受限和早产的风险,且与子代的认知、自闭症及精神异常等有关。本文将对孕期铁缺乏与贫血的病因、铁剂推荐和铁过载的危害进行论述。
Anemia is the most common complication during pregnancy, and iron deficiency is the most common cause of anemia during pregnancy. In order to conceive and adapt to the growth of the fetus during pregnancy, women have experienced significant anatomical and physiological changes, which begin to affect every organ system of the body in the early pregnancy. The increase of blood volume of follow-up pregnant women exceeded the increase of blood components, and the demand for iron for fetal growth and development increased sharply. When the iron storage or intake in the body could not meet the needs of the mother, it would lead to relative or absolute iron deficiency, leading to iron deficiency anemia. Anemia during pregnancy increases the risk of puerperal infection, placental abruption, maternal death, hypertensive disease during pregnancy, cesarean section, postpartum hemorrhage, fetal growth restriction and premature delivery, and is related to the cognition, autism and mental disorders of the offspring. This article will discuss the related causes of iron deficiency, anemia during pregnancy, the recommendations of iron agents and the hazards of iron overload.
作者
郎虓
程蔚蔚
Xiao Lang;Weiwei Cheng
出处
《中华产科急救电子杂志》
2022年第4期202-207,共6页
Chinese Journal of Obstetric Emergency（Electronic Edition）
关键词
妊娠并发症
血液
贫血
缺铁性
妊娠结局
Pregnancy complications,hematologic
Anemia,iron deficiency
Pregnancy outcome
作者简介
通信作者:程蔚蔚,Email:wwcheng29@163.com
