摘要
本文采用语源学研究方法,考证玃之诸名命名的语言学理据,得出以下几点结论:1.根据玃体形较大、行动敏捷和易受惊扰等特点,认为“玃”的语源义为大、疾和惧;2.猳玃之“狠”是大义,与“大海”“大马猴”同例,本已是大物,又加表大义之词修饰;3.玃父之名源于把猳玃之“狠”理解为牡义,其牡义既可能是大义的引申义,也可能是把大义误解为牡义;4.《尔雅·释兽》“豦,迅头”之“豦”跟《吕氏春秋·察传》之“玃”应该是同一种动物;5.“母猴”相关诸名的“母”“马”“猕”“沐”等都是大义,并非外来语“猴”之记音;6.上古汉语存在一个声母属牙喉音或唇音、韵母属鱼铎阳等部,具有大、疾、勤、惧、勇、健等义的大词族,这些词义之间存在引申关系.
Using etymological methods, this paper studies the linguistic motivation of the names of jue(玃), and draws the following conclusions: 1) According to the larger shape, agility and susceptible to disturbing and so on, the etymology of jue is big, fast and fear. 2) The meaning of jia(猳) in the word jiajue(猳玃) is "big". Such as the words dahai(大海) and damahou(大马猴), the animal jue is already a big thing, but it still was added a word which means "big" in the name of jue. 3) The name of juefu(玃父) comes from the misunderstanding of the meaning of jia in the word jiajue. The meaning "male" of jia is the extended meaning of "big", or the misunderstanding of the meaning "big". 4)The animal ju(豦) in Erya Shishou(《尔雅·释兽》) and the animal jue in Lvshi Chunqiu Chachuan(《吕氏春秋·察传》) should be the same kind of animal. 5) The meanings of the words mu(母), ma(马), mi(猕) and mu(沐) in the names of muhou(母猴) are "big", and the word muhou is not the pronunciation of monkey in a foreign language. 6) There is a jue(矍) word family in ancient Chinese. The initials of this word family belong to tooth tone, throat tone or labial tone, and the rimes belong to Yu(鱼), Duo(铎), Yang(阳) and so on. The meanings of the word family include "big", "fast", "diligent", "fear", "brave", "strong" and so on. These meanings are related with each other.
出处
《语言学论丛》
CSSCI
2018年第1期299-326,共28页
Essays on Linguistics
关键词
玃
猳玃
玃父
“矍”词族
jue(玃)
jiajue(猳玃)
juefu(玃父)
etymology
jue(矍) word family
