摘要
大豆、小麦、稻谷等粮食在筒仓内板结后的人工清仓落料不可避免地产生大量粉尘,威胁仓底作业人员健康和车间环境质量,为解决由于落料口(人孔)需向仓内通风而无法实施固定密封和通风排尘捕收问题,提出在落料机械转运的同时,利用风幕软密封落料口并实施粉尘抽排的控尘构想.利用数值模拟研究了风幕软密封的流场效果,根据模拟结果制造了清仓落料系统原型机,并在某大豆仓储企业成功试用.结果显示,风幕软密封方法在保证落料口向仓内通风的前提下,显著控制了粉尘的外逸,合适的抽压比和风幕出口速度分别为K=2.0,V=6.0m/s,仓底作业人员区域粉尘浓度较不采用任何措施时降低91.32%,有效保障了仓底作业人员的职业健康和车间环境质量.
Artificial clearance and blanking of soybean,wheat,rice and other grains after the silo compaction inevitably produce a lot of dust,which threatens the health of workers at the bottom of the silo and the environmental quality of the workshop.Because the blanking mouth(manhole)needs to be ventilated into the warehouse and can not implement fixed sealing and ventilation dust discharge,so far there is no feasible technical means to achieve the dust collection of this link blanking.In this paper,a new concept of dust control is put forward,which is to use a soft air curtain to seal the blanking mouth and implement dust extraction while carrying out mechanical transport.The flow field effect of air curtain soft seal was studied by numerical simulation.According to the simulation results,a prototype machine of clearance and blanking system was manufactured and successfully tried in a soybean storage enterprise.The results showed that the air curtain soft sealing method can significantly control the dust escape on the premise of ensuring the ventilation of the feeding outlet into the warehouse.The appropriate exhaust-to-pressure ratio and the air curtain outlet velocity are K=2.0 and V=6.0 m/s,respectively.The dust concentration in the workers’area at the bottom of the silo is 91.32%lower than that without any measures.Effectively ensure the silo bottom workers occupational health and workshop environmental quality.
作者
陈军
李小川
张卫西
卢毅
卢军
丁爱斌
张明瑞
何新建
蒋叶锋
刘恒志
Chen Jun;Li Xiaochuan;Zhang Weixi;Lu Yi;Lu Jun;Ding Aibin;Zhang Mingrui;He Xinjian;Jiang Yefeng(Sinograin Zhenjiang Grian Depot Co.,Ltd,212006;School of Chemical Engineering,China University of Miningand Technology,221116;Beijing Branch Of China Grain Reserve Management Group Co.,Ltd,100045;School of Safety Engineering,China University of Miningand Technology,221116)
出处
《粮食储藏》
2022年第4期18-22,共5页
Grain Storage
基金
江苏省重点研发计划(BE2019641)
中央储备粮镇江直属库有限公司科技项目
关键词
粮食仓储
清仓落料扬尘
风幕控尘
职业健康防护
grain storage
clearance blanking dust
air curtain dust-control
occupational health protection
作者简介
陈军,通讯地址:北京市西城区月坛北街恒华国际D座
