摘要
踝关节是人体重要的负重关节,外侧踝关节扭伤占踝关节损伤的75%以上。本研究主要从解剖结构和生物力学角度分析踝关节损伤的主要原因,并据此提出相应的康复治疗方法。研究发现,前距腓韧带与跟腓韧带在踝跖屈位时起主要稳定作用,后距腓韧带起辅助作用;距骨滑车前宽后窄,在踝跖屈时会前移、内旋;外踝失稳与众多因素有关,其中踝背屈活动受限、跟骨内翻、内外踝肌肉力量失衡、神经肌肉控制能力下降等均是影响踝关节稳定性的重要因素。建议患者采用踝关节平衡稳定训练、本体感觉训练和利用关节松动技术、肌内效贴以及肌筋膜触发点针刺疗法等进行踝关节功能康复治疗,以增强踝关节整体力量和稳定性。
The ankle joint is an important weight-bearing joint in the human body,and lateral ankle sprains account for more than 75%of ankle injuries.This study mainly analyzed the main causes of lateral ankle injury from the perspectives of anatomical structure and biomechanics and proposed corresponding rehabilitation methods accordingly.It was found that the anterior talofibular ligament and the heel-fibular ligament play the main stabilizing role in ankle plantarflexion,while the posterior talofibular ligament plays a secondary role;the talofibular glide is wide in front and narrow in the back,which will move forward and rotate internally during ankle plantarflexion;the instability of the lateral ankle is related to many factors,among which the limitation of ankle dorsiflexion,heel inversion,imbalance of inner and outer ankle muscle strength,and decreased neuromuscular control are all important factors affecting the stability of the ankle joint.Patients are recommended to use ankle balance and stability training,proprioceptive training and functional ankle rehabilitation using joint release techniques,kinesio tapes and myofascial trigger point acupuncture to enhance the overall strength and stability of the ankle joint.
作者
吴月玲
黄强民
刘琳
马彦韬
邢祺
宁秀娟
高静
Wu Yueling;Huang Qiangmin;Liu Lin;Ma Yantao;Xing Qi;Ning Xiujuan;Gao Jing(Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China;Shanghai Ciyuan Rehabilitation Hospital,Shanghai 201800,China;Institute of Sports Rehabilitation,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Nanjing Sport Institute,Nanjing 210014,China;Department of Pain Medicine,East China Hospital affiliated to Fudan University,Shanghai 200040,China)
出处
《保健医学研究与实践》
2021年第2期30-34,共5页
Health Medicine Research and Practice
基金
重庆市体育科研项目(B2019007)
关键词
外踝不稳
解剖结构
生物力学
康复方法
External ankle instability
Anatomical structure
Biomechanics
Rehabilitation methods
作者简介
第一作者:吴月玲,E-mail:wuyueling510@126.com;通信作者:黄强民,E-mail:huaqia404@aliyun.com。
