摘要
事故调查报告中的主要内容可分为两大部分,即调查所查明的事实部分和责任认定部分,因此事故调查报告在刑事诉讼中作为证据使用时,要根据具体内容判断各部分是否可以作为刑事证据以及属于何种证据形式。事故发生经过不应作为证据使用,而应由法官根据事故调查组移交的证据、侦查机关收集的证据对事故经过及被告人的行为进行独立认定;包含专门性知识的原因分析可以作为“专门性问题的意见”使用,不包含专门性知识的原因分析则不应使用;其他证据性内容及调查报告所附证据可以使用,但均要受法定可使用的行政证据种类范围及原始证据优先规则限制。事故调查报告中可使用的内容以及所附证据应当具有相关性、取证合法性、可靠性方可具备刑事证据能力。在庭审中,控方应当将调查报告所附证据按照一定的逻辑关系进行全面举证,根据案件情况可以采取分组举证、单独举证或二者结合的方式进行举证。当事人应仅对事故调查报告中可采纳为刑事证据的部分进行质证,应允许当事人申请有专门知识的人出庭辅助对事故调查报告及其所附证据的质证。
Accident investigation has both the nature of administrative investigation and administrative confirmation,so the accident investigation report is not a single evidence,but a combination of various forms of evidence in criminal proceedings.The type of evidence should be judged according to the specific content,and only parts of accident investigation report can be used as evidence in criminal proceedings.The process of the accident should not be accepted as evidence,judge should independently determine the process of the accident and the defendant’s behavior according to the evidence transferred by the accident investigation team and the evidence collected by police;the cause analysis with special knowledge can be adopted as“opinions on special problems”,while the cause analysis without special knowledge should not be adopted;other evidential contents and the evidence attached to the investigation report can be accepted,but they are limited by the scope of the types of administrative evidence that can be accepted by law and the priority rule of original evidence.The content that can be adopted in the accident investigation report and the attached evidence should have relevance,legality and reliability before they can have criminal evidence ability.In the trial,the prosecution should provide evidence according to a certain logical relationship,and they can provide evidence in groups,separately or in combination.The party concerned should only cross examine the part of the accident investigation report that can be accepted as criminal evidence,and should allow the party concerned to apply for someone with special knowledge to appear in court to assist the cross examination of the accident investigation report and its attached evidence.
出处
《法律科学（西北政法大学学报）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第4期192-201,共10页
Science of Law：Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law
基金
国家社科基金重大项目(18ZDA139)“中国特色刑事证据理论体系研究”
关键词
事故调查报告
行政证据
刑事证据
accident investigation report
administrative evidence
criminal evidence
作者简介
纵博,安徽财经大学法学院副教授,法学博士。
