摘要
必要管辖权制度在两大法系主要国家和地区的实践中得到相当广泛的接受。基于“剩余管辖权”的性质,必要管辖权在我国涉外民事管辖权体系中应定位为一种“填补空白的管辖机制”。必要管辖权制度在保障当事人享有诉诸司法权的公正利益之同时,不会损害管辖权国际协调的秩序利益。基于完善涉外民事管辖权体系以及保护海外民商事利益的现实需求,我国需要构建必要管辖权规范并发挥其制度功能。当前可以借助司法实践逐步建立涉外民事诉讼中的必要管辖权制度,填补《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》第272条可能产生的管辖空白,并在《阻断外国法律与措施不当域外适用办法》第9条及《中华人民共和国反外国制裁法》第12条规定的阻断追偿诉讼中发挥其作为涉外法治斗争的法律工具之功能,以此丰富我国应对外部风险和挑战的“法律工具箱”。
Forum necessitatis is widely accepted both in the practice of the common and civil legal systems.As a“residual jurisdiction”,forum necessitatis should be defined as a“gap-filling jurisdictional mechanism”in Chinese foreign-related civil jurisdiction system.The exercise of forum necessitatis will not harm the order interests in international coordination of jurisdiction,while guaranteeing the fair interests of the parties’right to access to justice.In order to perfect the system of foreign-related civil jurisdiction and protect the interests of overseas civil and commercial affairs,China need to construct and give full play to the function of forum necessitatis.By means of judicial practice,China can gradually establish the forum necessitatis in civil proceedings involving foreign elements to fill the jurisdictional gap arising from article 272 of the Civil Procedure Law,and works as a legal tool for the struggle against foreign rule of law in terms of the blocking recovery proceedings provided in Chinese Blocking Act and Anti-foreign Sanctions Law,by which to enrich the“legal toolbox”of China to deal with external risks and challenges.
出处
《法商研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第4期48-61,共14页
Studies in Law and Business
基金
国家社会科学基金重点项目(21AFX026)
关键词
必要管辖权
诉诸司法权
真实与实质联系
阻断追偿诉讼
forum necessitatis
right to access to justice
real and substantial connection
blocking recovery proceedings
作者简介
黄志慧,中南财经政法大学法学院副教授
