摘要
报应(正义)和预防(目的)在刑罚论中的争议由来已久。应当认为报应刑是不可取的,因为其在标准上具有不明确性,在形而上学的意义上会产生过重处罚的危险,在道德上会使犯罪人遭到污名化的负面影响,在量刑上会造成现有关系的僵化,在宪法上会与比例原则不相协调。相反,符合比例原则的一般预防就既能够避免特殊预防所带来的危险,又可以为制裁措施的选择提供广阔的空间,同时,还可以将犯罪学的研究成果纳入刑罚的考量之中,从而让刑罚的制定与量刑的选择更贴近实际,并与司法实践完美衔接。更重要的是,符合比例原则的一般预防可以与宪法的精神相契合。因此,以包含犯罪学知识的,符合比例原则的一般预防作为刑罚的基础,是合适的。
Retribution(justice)and prevention(purpose)have long been controversial in the penalty theory.It should be considered that retribution is not advisable,because it is not clear in the standard,it will produce the danger of excessive punishment in the metaphysical sense,it will make the criminal suffer from the negative impact of stigma in the moral,it will cause the rigidity of existing relations in the sentencing,and it will be inconsistent with the principle of proportion in the constitution.Conform to the principle of proportion of the general prevention,by contrast,both to avoid the danger of special prevention,and can provide broad space for the choice of sanctions,and at the same time,can also be criminological research results into the consideration of punishment,so that the stipulation of the punishment sentencing options closer to the reality,and perfect cohesion and the judicial practice.What is more,a general prevention that complies with the principle of proportionality can be compatible with the spirit of the constitution.Therefore,it is appropriate to base punishment on general prevention,which contains criminological knowledge and complies with the principle of proportionality.
作者
邓卓行(译)
Johannes Kaspar;Deng Zhuoxing
出处
《刑法论丛》
2020年第1期602-627,共26页
Criminal Law Review
关键词
正义刑
目的刑
比例原则
犯罪学
Justice Punishment
Purpose of Punishment
Principle of Proportionality
Criminology
作者简介
约翰内斯·卡斯帕,德国奥格斯堡大学法学院教授,法学博士;邓卓行,北京大学法学院与慕尼黑大学联合培养博士研究生。
