摘要
矿业开发、锑制品的广泛应用等造成了大量锑进入表生环境中,使得锑在土壤、水体等环境介质中富集甚至污染.近年来,我国水体锑超标和突发性锑污染事件频发,为我国锑污染防控敲响了警钟.通过全球锑暴露/污染事件可见锑普遍性的迁移特征、赋存规律,发现其再分布受人类活动驱动—响应明显,暴露量以矿区为最,甚至形成污染.我国锑暴露/污染状况最为严重,涉及大气、水和土壤环境.锑暴露也会威胁食物安全等,大气环境锑暴露会增加呼吸系统等病变的可能性.通过锑矿的开采,含锑产品的使用及其他输入途径入手,介绍了三大环境体系人为源锑的来源,系统性论述了其存在形态和转化规律.从防控、遏制和回收利用三个角度提出了锑污染防治与修复的建议概略,结合短期逐步遏制点源污染加剧势头的多重思路,提出了逐步开展面源污染回收产品资源化的设想,对我国制定科学有效的锑污染预防—控制—治理措施和制度具有重要的参考价值.
The development of mining industry and the wide application of antimony products have caused a large amount of antimony to enter the supergene environment,resulting in the enrichment and even pollution of antimony in environmental media such as soil and water.In recent years,China′s antimony in water bodies has exceeded the standard and sudden antimony pollution accidents have occurred frequently,which has sounded the alarm for China′s antimony pollution prevention and control.Through the global antimony exposure/pollution events,we can see the general migration characteristics and occurrence rules of antimony,and it was found that the redistribution driven-response by human activities was obvious,the exposure was the mining area as the most,and even the pollution.China′s antimony exposure/pollution was the most serious,involving the atmosphere,water and soil environment.Antimony exposure will also threaten food safety,etc.Exposure to antimony in the atmospheric environment will increase the likelihood of diseases such as the respiratory system.Starting from the mining of antimony ore,the use of antimony-containing products and other input channels,the sources of antimony from three anthropogenic sources in the environment were introduced,and their existence patterns and transformation laws were systematically discussed.From the perspectives of prevention,control,containment and recycling,the outline of suggestions for the prevention and repair of antimony pollution was put forward.Combined with the multiple ideas of short-term gradual curbing of the increasing trend of point source pollution,the idea of gradually promoting the recycling of non-point source pollution recovery products was proposed.It has important reference value for the formulate scientific and effective antimony pollution prevention-control-governance measures and systems in China.
作者
任杰
刘晓文
李杰
吴颖欣
文展
REN Jie;LIU Xiaowen;LI Jie;WU Yingxin;WEN Zhan(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou,730070,China;South China Institute of Environmental Science,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Guangzhou,510655,China)
出处
《环境化学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第12期3436-3449,共14页
Environmental Chemistry
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0801300)资助
关键词
大气环境
水环境
土壤环境
五价锑
三价锑
暴露/污染
风险
atmospheric environment
water environment
soil environment
pentavalent antimony
trivalent antimony
exposure/pollution
risk
作者简介
通讯联系人:刘晓文,E-mail:liuxiaowen@scies.org
